<p>Magnolia Grove is a historic Greek Revival mansion in Greensboro, Alabama.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Magnolia Grove was built in 1840 for Isaac Croom and his wife, Sarah Pearson Croom. Croom was a lawyer and planter from Lenoir County, North Carolina and one of the contributing founders of The University of the South at Sewanee. Sarah was the sister of Richmond Mumford Pearson, a prominent pro-Union politician and Chief Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court.</p><br>
<p>Isaac Croom died in 1863, with Sarah following him in 1878. They left no living children, so the estate passed to Sarah C. Pearson, the daughter of Richmond Mumford Pearson. Sarah Pearson married to James M. Hobson, also of North Carolina. James Hobson would eventually serve as probate judge of Hale County for over twenty years. The Hobson family moved to Greensboro and raised four sons and three daughters at Magnolia Grove.</p><br>
<p>The Hobson&#39;s most famous offspring was Richmond Pearson Hobson, a naval hero of the Spanish–American War who would later serve as a USA Representative from Alabama.</p><br>
<p>Hobson resigned from active naval duty in 1903 to begin a career as a Democratic USA Representative from Alabama. He served from March 4, 1907 until March 3, 1915, and during that time proposed more than 20 constitutional amendments to ban alcohol. He was denied the Democratic nomination in 1916 to the 65th Congress. He then organized the American Alcohol Education Association in 1921, organized the International Narcotic Education Association in 1923, organized the World Conference on Narcotic Education in 1926, and founded the World Narcotic Defense Association in 1927. These activities have caused some to label him as the "Father of American Prohibition."</p><br>
<p>On January 22, 1942, the Gleaves-class destroyer, USS Hobson, was commissioned in his honor posthumously. Magnolia Grove was dedicated as a state shrine in his honor on May 1, 1947.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Magnolia Grove is a relatively rare Alabama example of a full-scale pedimented temple-form house in the Greek Revival style. It is a two-story masonry structure, built in handmade brick. The front facade is stuccoed, including the pediment. The sides and rear are left with the brick face exposed.</p><br>
<p>The front facade features a monumental hexastyle portico with Doric columns. These support a plain entablature with a simple molding dividing the architrave and frieze. Above a simple cornice, the unadorned pediment is framed by horizontal and raking geisons. Behind the portico, the building is divided into a five bay facade. The central bay is occupied by doorways on both floors, with simply molded windows occupying the remaining bays to either side. Both door surrounds are Greek Revival, these are inset with double doors, surrounded by sidelights and topped by a transom. The upper doorway opens onto a cantilevered balcony. The lower windows are floor-to-ceiling and open onto the portico, while the upper windows are six-over-six. The rear of the building also has a two-story portico, but here it is supported by six slender cast-iron columns.</p><br>
<p>The interior features plaster cornice moldings and Greek Revival door and window surrounds. Both floors are evenly divided by a central hall running from front to back. The first floor contains a parlor, living room, dining room, and study. A separate two-story brick building to the rear of the main house contained the original kitchen and servant&#39;s quarters. A cantilevered staircase with mahogany treads and railing climbs from the rear of the hall to the second floor. This level contains a central hall and four bedrooms.</p><br>
<p>The Islands of the Potomac Wildlife Management Area is a Wildlife Management Area  consisting of 30 islands in the Potomac River in Maryland along its border with the state of Virginia. It is administered by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.</p><br>
<p>Islands of the Potomac WMA protects 824 acre of wildlife habitat in Allegany (80 acre), Washington (6 acre), Frederick (223 acre) and Montgomery (515 acre) counties. The islands are accessible only by boat. Within the WMA is established the Islands of the Potomac Wildland (see Maryland Wildland), consisting of about 82% (676 acre) of the total area. The islands WMA also includes the former Heater&#39;s Island WMA.</p><br>
<p>Of the 30 islands, three in Montgomery County are open to public hunting: Oxley Island, Mason Island and Maddox Island.</p><br>
<p>Dorchester County Courthouse and Jail is a historic courthouse building located at Cambridge, the county seat of Dorchester County, Maryland. It is an Italianate influenced, painted brick structure, which was enlarged and extensively remodeled with Georgian Revival decorative detailing in the 1930s. The building entrance is flanked on the north by a three-story tower. It was constructed in 1853, and is the only courthouse designed by Richard Upjohn in Maryland.</p><br>
<p>The County Jail, which stood to the southeast of the courthouse from about 1882 until its demolition in 1994, was a Queen Anne and Romanesque Revival style granite structure with brick and terra cotta features. The jail was the work of the Baltimore architect, Charles L. Carson.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Waldomore, also known as The Waldomore, is a two-story Neo-Classical brick mansion located in uptown Clarksburg, West Virginia, United States. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 4, 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Waldomore was constructed in late 1839 for Waldo P. Goff on part of a 4 acre tract that extended from Pike Street to Elk Creek. The structures name was coined by combining the names of the original owners Waldo Goff and his wife Harriet L. Moore. The Waldomore was added to The National Register of Historical Places in 1978. This classical revival structure was the home of Waldo Goff and his family. The Waldomore was donated to the City of Clarksburg by May Goff Lowndes (Mrs. Richard T. Lowndes) in 1930 on the condition that it was to be used as a public library or museum and for no other purpose. It served as the Clarksburg Public Library from 1931 to 1976 when the new library was constructed next door on the same property. The building is now the repository for materials relating to the states culture and history as well as the books and papers of renowned UFO writer Gray Barker. It also has a collection of resources for genealogical research.</p><br>
<h2>Goff Family</h2><br>
<p>The home was constructed in 1839 for Waldo P. Goff. Goff was born in 1796, the fifth son of Job and Zerviah Goff who moved to Harrison County in 1804 from New York. Of the eight children born to this family, four sons eventually served in the Virginia State Legislators of Virginia and West Virginia. Waldo Goff was a member of the Virginia State Senate from 1833 to 1837, and thereafter held numerous local minor offices including that of sheriff of Harrison County in 1851. The most famous of Waldo Goff&#39;s children was Nathan Goff born at the Waldomore February 9, 1843. Nathan served as Secretary of the Navy appointed by president Rutherford B. Hayes. In 1876, Nathan Goff ran for governor and was defeated by Henry Mathews. Nathan Goff was a United States Congressman from 1883 to 1889.</p><br>
<p>The Cordeaux River, a perennial river of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, is located in the Southern Highlands and Macarthur regions of New South Wales, Australia.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The Cordeaux River rises on the western slopes of the Illawarra escarpment, below Mount Keira within the Wollongong local government area and flows generally north and northwest, joined by the Avon River, before reaching its confluence with the Nepean River, south of Wilton. The river descends 168 m over its 37 km course.</p><br>
<p>The river is impounded by Lake Cordeaux, one of four reservoirs within the Upper Nepean Scheme that supplies potable water for greater metropolitan Sydney. Located near Ryans Crossing, approximately 94 km south-west of Sydney, construction of the dam wall on the Cordeaux River commenced in 1918 and was completed in 1926.</p><br>
<h2>Locality</h2><br>
<p>The "address locality" of Cordeaux is defined as a suburb of the City of Wollongong, "lying beside the Cordeaux River between Lake Cordeaux and Upper Cordeaux No 1 Dam". At the, it had no population.</p><br>
<p>The Decatur Cemetery is a historic graveyard within the City of Decatur, Georgia.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Decatur Cemetery is the oldest burial ground in the Atlanta metropolitan area, and it is believed to have been used even before Decatur&#39;s 1823 incorporation.</p><br>
<p>In 1832, an act by the local legislature created “Commissioners for the Decatur Burial Ground.” Numerous Civil War veterans were buried in the Decatur Cemetery, mostly in the 8 acre region now referred to as, "The Old Cemetery". The Cemetery&#39;s "Well House" was built in 1881.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>The Decatur Cemetery has expanded to 54 acre and contains well over 20,000 graves. A special section exists for cremated burials; the cemetery also contains a pond stocked with fish. This pond is also home to swans, ducks and turtles, and is a stopping place for Canada geese on migration. The cemetery is bordered by a several acre forest, which borders the Glennwood Estates neighborhood.</p><br>
<h2>Features</h2><br>
<p>The forested ravine east of the cemetery includes a newly completed pedestrian path that winds over a branch of Peachtree Creek. A small waterfall is just south of the southern bridge.</p><br>
<p>At the southeast corner of the cemetery is found a grove of giant bamboo, some with trunks over 20 cm in diameter. A short path leads through this grove to the end of the Ponce de Leon Court Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>Notable graves</h2><br>
<p>Lt. Col. Robert Augustus Alston (1832-1879); state legislator and journalist, owner of Meadow Nook</p><br>
<p>Col. Milton A. Candler (1837–1909); state senator and USA Congressman</p><br>
<p>Dr Thomas Holley Chivers (1806–1858); physician and poet</p><br>
<p>Mary Ann Harris Gay (1829–1918); author of Life in Dixie During the War</p><br>
<p>William S. Howard (1875 – August 1, 1953) USA Congressman</p><br>
<p>Rev. Hovie Lister (1926-2001) Gospel musician (The Statesmen Quartet)</p><br>
<p>Charles Murphey (1799–1861); USA Congressman and a delegate to the Georgia Secession Convention</p><br>
<p>Robert Ramspeck (1890-1972) USA Congressman</p><br>
<p>Col. George Washington Scott (1829–1903); founder of Agnes Scott College</p><br>
<p>Andrew Sledd (1870–1939); founding president of the modern University of Florida, and Emory University professor</p><br>
<p>Leslie Jasper Steele (1868–1929) Mayor of Decatur, USA Congressman</p><br>
<p>Benjamin F. Swanton (1807–1890) owner of the historic Swanton House</p><br>
<p>Leila Ross Wilburn (1885–1967) pioneering woman architect</p><br>
<p>Woody Island is located in Chiniak Bay, 2.6 mi east of Kodiak, Alaska. It was originally settled by the native Alutiiq people who called themselves Tangirnarmiut, "the people of Tangirnaq." and 13 miles in circumference.</p><br>
<p>The Woody Island Historic Archeological District, comprising sites of archaeological importance on the island was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<h2>Aleut settlement</h2><br>
<p>The Alutiiq people used the island for "whaling, fishing, wood-working, sweat-baths, extensive trade," and build "large multi-roomed houses, and large villages with complex social ranking." When the Russians arrived in the 18th century, the native people were initially successful in driving them off. There followed a short period of accommodation and trade, after which the Russians engaged in brutal subjugation of the people, resulting in "epidemics, forced relocations, and extermination of those who resisted."</p><br>
<p>Russian naval officer Gavriil Davydov observed an Aleut winter ceremony on Woody Island in 1802. He wrote:</p><br>
<p>In 1805 a village on the east side of Woody Island was inhabited by 54 Alutiiq people. A smallbox epidemic struck the region in 1837 and the Russians forcefully amalgamated the survivors into seven villages, among them a village on Woody Island.</p><br>
<h2>Industry and commerce</h2><br>
<p>The Russian American Commercial Company operated an ice company on the island beginning in 1852. The company brought in the first iron rails to haul ice and horses to power a horse-powered saw which cut the ice into blocks. A sawmill was built to produce not lumber, but sawdust that was used to insulate the ice for shipment south. The first road built in Alaska was graded around the island to allow the horses to be exercised. In 1867 the company was renamed the Kodiak Ice Co.</p><br>
<p>For much of the late half of the 19th century, many of the Aluttiq people on Woody Island were enslaved by the Russians to work for the ice harvesting companies during the winter. Conscripted by the Russians, they hunted sea otters and fur seals during the summer for their highly prized fur. In 1872 a Russian Orthodox Church was built on Woody Island. The church exerted a strong influence over the native population, replacing in many instances native ceremonies and observances with church-centered activities.</p><br>
<p>The sea otter and fur seal populations declined rapidly in the latter half of the 19th century due to over-harvesting, with about 100,000 sea otters and a correspondingly high number of fur seals being taken each year. By 1911 only about 2000 sea otters remained in 13 small remnant populations, making hunting unprofitable. Commercial taking of sea otters and fur seals were prohibited by the Fur Seal Treaty. The Aleuts were permitted to hunt them for subsistence purposes only.</p><br>
<p>In 1886, the Island was the commercial center for the Kodiak area. Services included the ice harvesting operation, a boat yard, a grist mill, the Alaska Commercial Company (formerly the Russian-American Company) wharf, and the only roads in Alaska connecting these facilities. The North American Commercial Company, a fur trading enterprise, established a presence there in 1891, including a store.</p><br>
<h3>Religious usage</h3><br>
<p>Ernest and Ida Roscoe built a Baptist Mission and orphanage on Woody Island in 1893. The main building burned down in 1925, was rebuilt, and burned again in 1937. The mission was then relocated to Kodiak on the mainland where a greater variety of services were more readily available.</p><br>
<h3>USA Navy wireless station</h3><br>
<p>The United States Navy built a wireless station on the island in 1911. It included two large masts 225 ft tall. During the eruption of the Novarupta volcano on the Alaska Peninsula in 1912, over 18 in of ash was deposited on the island. Everyone but the watchman evacuated to Kodiak. During the ash fall, lightning struck one of the antenna which started a fire that burned most of the wireless station. Harry Martin, a survivor of the volcanic eruption, told USA Navy radioman Bart Phelps about the experience in 1924:</p><br>
<p>The wireless station was rebuilt and updated in 1914. The wireless station was decommissioned on February 28, 1931, and shortly thereafter the Federal government allowed the Territory of Alaska to use the remaining buildings for the Longwood School.</p><br>
<p>After the mission and orphanage was relocated to the mainland, the entire island&#39;s population declined rapidly. The Longwood School enrollment dropped from 71 in 1937 to 20 in 1939, and the school was permanently closed. Many of the natives moved to Kodiak where they were less dependent on subsistence living and could find jobs.</p><br>
<h3>Air station built</h3><br>
<p>In 1941, the Civil Aeronautics Administration built the Kadiak Naval Air Station including a runway, flight service station, remote air ground, remote transmitter, low frequency range beacon, and VHF link terminal facilities. These gathered and relayed weather and other aeronautical data to pilots. During World War II up to forty technicians and their families lived on the island. They maintained the teletypes, transmitters, and radio receivers essential to supporting military and civilian aircraft operating in the North Pacific.</p><br>
<p>In 1951 or 1952 the Russian Orthodox Church building, which had been abandoned for many years, was torn down. Former Navy facilities were converted to apartments and a school was built on in 1951 for the small community. The facility was automated in the early 1970s and the majority of the remaining FAA complex burned in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Current use</h2><br>
<p>During the 1950s, the American Baptist Church began offering a non-denominational summer camp on the island, which is still in operation today. The FAA still maintains a radio beacon on the island for aircraft directional use. There is no longer any public transportation to the island. The island is inhabited today by two "hermits" and is visited by two families owning summer homes there. The majority of land on Woody Island is private property, except for a wilderness area belonging to Alaska State Parks. The island is designated as the Lesnoi Alaska Native Village Statistical Area.</p><br>
<p>Rose Hill Manor, now known as Rose Hill Manor Park & Children&#39;s Museum, is a historic home located at Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland. It is a -story brick house. A notable feature is the large two-story pedimented portico supported by fluted Doric columns on the first floor and Ionic columns on the balustraded second floor. It was the retirement home of Thomas Johnson , the first elected Governor of the State of Maryland and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. It was built in the mid-1790s by his daughter and son-in-law.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.</p><br>
<h2>History of the Property</h2><br>
<p>This land was a part of “Tasker’s Chance”, a 7,000-acre tract owned in 1726 by Benjamin Tasker. In 1737 a group of German farmers took out an option on the entire tract of land described as containing some of the area’s finest potential home-sites. Unable to raise the sum of money Tasker had asked for the land, the small farmers, all of them poor, went to Annapolis lawyer and land speculator Daniel Dulany for financing. Agreeing to undertake the financial arrangements Dulany bought the option, then the tract itself, selling small lots to the enterprising Germans. One 225 acre section was bought in 1746 for 20 pounds by a German, Hans Peter Hoffman. He called the tract “Rose Garden.” His descendants subsequently sold his whole plantation to Maryland’ first elected Governor, Thomas Johnson in 1778 for 4,000 pounds, current money of Maryland at that time.</p><br>
<p>The 225 acre tract was given by Governor Thomas Johnson to his eldest daughter, Ann Jennings Johnson as a wedding gift on the eve of her marriage to Major John Colin Graham. Following the death of his wife, Governor Johnson spent the last 25 years of his life living as a guest of his daughter Ann at Rose Hill.</p><br>
<p>Under Graham’s hand, Rose Hill’s acreage doubled. By the mid-1820s Graham was having problems making ends meet and he sold off some of his slaves, 100 acres of Rose Hill and 300 acres of a farm located 5 miles to the west of Rose Hill. His will instructed his wife to sell the estate after his death, pay debts and keep what was left.</p><br>
<h3>Later ownership</h3><br>
<p>In 1833, Captain John McPherson who married Mrs. Graham’s niece purchased Rose Hill. He never occupied the mansion, thus protecting Mrs. Graham’s right to remain there until her death in 1837.</p><br>
<p>In 1837, Rose Hill was sold to Colonel William Slater, an Irish immigrant and wealthy merchant from Philadelphia and Baltimore.</p><br>
<p>In 1843, Colonel Slater sold the estate to his brother George.</p><br>
<p>In 1845 the property was sold to John J. Willson (married to Anna Tyler) who spent a considerable amount of money on renovating it.</p><br>
<p>In 1853 the estate was sold to David Ogle Thomas, a direct descendant of one of the original purchasers of Tasker’s Chance. Upon his death, the property was left to his wife who sold it in 1894 and moved to Baltimore.</p><br>
<p>The estate was on the market for 12 years and unoccupied, when the agent Noel Cramer bought it and lived in it until the mid 1920s. He gave it to his son, James, who thought it was too far from town and it was left vacant for 25 years, except in 1930 when it served as a hotel and restaurant.</p><br>
<p>In the 1950s the Cramer’s returned and restored it, but the owner died in 1957.</p><br>
<p>In 1968, the Board of County Commissioners of Frederick County purchased the remaining 43 acre site for $401,400 of Federal, State and County funds. The house is currently owned by the county and is operated as part of Rose Hill Manor Park & Children&#39;s Museum.</p><br>
<p>In 1972 a unique ‘see and touch’ children’s museum was opened in the mansion as a joint venture with the Frederick County Parks Commission and the Board of Education.</p><br>
<h2>Description of the House and Property</h2><br>
<p>Thought to have been built by local craftsman the Rose Hill manor house construction began shortly after the wedding of Ann Jennings Johnson and Major John Colin Graham. The construction of the 2-1/2 story, white frame, brick wall mansion stretched over an eight-year period from laying the foundation to its occupation around 1798.</p><br>
<p>The house rests on a low fieldstone foundation with brick cellar walls. The front façade faces the south and is laid in Flemish bond and all other is in common bond. A nineteenth century galleried portico with white columns fronts the mansion.</p><br>
<p>Rose Hill Mansion is approached by a driveway off an entrance road adjoining the northern boundary of Governor Thomas Johnson High School from the west side of North Market Street.</p><br>
<p>The portico forms two porches: One is on the ground floor at the entrance level with four Doric columns supporting a structure between the columns and a roof consisting of an architrave, frieze and elaborate, carved cornice. The other is above on the second floor with four Ionic columns supporting the pediment lighted by a lunette window. On either side of the large pediment, the roof is pierced by a dormer window with round-arch and a parapet. A similar pediment with a lunette window also graces the rear elevation of the mansion. A flush chimney rises from each gable end of the main block. The mansion’s design reflects the late Georgian style of Tidewater, Maryland and the Greek Revival style.</p><br>
<p>At the north end of the wide entrance hall is a broad staircase that rises to a landing from which a window overlooks the north garden. The stair continues up in units of six steps to the third story. The upper rails and banisters are light in weight and plain.</p><br>
<p>Off the east side of the entrance hall is a 26-foot square, high ceiling drawing room containing six windows, a mantel piece and a large chandelier with crystal prisms.</p><br>
<p>To the west of the entrance hall is a dining room of the same generous dimensions which recalls an age of good living and entertainment.</p><br>
<p>The second floor center hall south door opens directly onto the upper level of the front porch that faces the high school.</p><br>
<p>On either side of the upper hall are two large bedrooms with fireplaces and two smaller bedrooms that have had a section partitioned off for a bathroom.</p><br>
<p>A kitchen with a fireplace and beehive oven is adjoined to the western side of the mansion with a flush brick chimney rising from the west gable end. There is a service entrance at the front and a verandah on the back overlooking formal gardens. There are several small rooms over the kitchen.</p><br>
<p>Windows on the first floor are nine-over-nine sash and on the second floor are nine-over-six sash all with colonial shutters having widely spaced louvers with hand wrought hardware and headed by jack arches.</p><br>
<p>The attic contains two large finished rooms. It is lighted by nine-over-six sash pane round arched dormer windows headed by local style stepped gables on the front and rear.</p><br>
<p>A formal, native fieldstone walled garden and orchard with old trees occupies about a half an acre on the northern side of the mansion. The garden is accented by an attractive, two-tier cast iron fountain with the pedestal and bowls decorated by Greek acanthus leaves. This was topped by a “putti” embracing a swan.</p><br>
<p>Other buildings include a brick smokehouse with hour glass design louvers, a hipped roof summer kitchen, ice house, old tool shed, an 1835 log cabin, a new building known as the Robert H. Renneberger Carriage Museum features a collection of restored carriages and sleighs, a carriage repair shop and blacksmith shop, three exhibit buildings housing steam engines, antique farm machinery and a livestock barn, the Farm Museum displays include tractors, 19th and early 20th century agriculture tools and equipment, farm family life, a carpentry shop and a broom shop.</p><br>
<h2>Rose Hill Manor Park & Children's Museum</h2><br>
<p>Address: 1611 North Market Street, Frederick, Maryland 21701</p><br>
<p>Phone: (301)600-1650</p><br>
<p>The Mission of Rose Hill Manor Park and Museums is to preserve and present the living heritage of the property known as Rose Hill from 1746-1950. In a child-friendly, hands-on environment the museums present the daily life of Thomas Johnson, Maryland’s first Governor, and the individuals who lived on the property as well as the history of agriculture and transportation in Frederick County</p><br>
<p>(Updated 1 Feb 2014 by Frederick Chapter National Society Daughters of the American Revolution Historic Preservation Committee)</p><br>
<p>Kiket Island is a small islet in Washington, co-owned by the Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission and the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community. Located less than four miles northwest of the town of LaConner in Skagit County, Washington, Kiket is connected to Fidalgo Island by a tombolo, over which runs an access road. Thus, Kiket Island is not what most people would consider an island.</p><br>
<p>Hope Island lies to the south of Kiket; Skagit Island only a few hundred feet to the southwest. These islands can be said to divide Skagit Bay from Similk Bay. The shoreline of Kiket Island and vicinity has been called one of the best-studied areas of coastal Washington. Ecological studies were made in the last decades of the twentieth century, when the site was considered for a nuclear power plant.</p><br>
<p>In 1969, Seattle City Light and Snohomish County PUD considered building a $250 million 1,100 MW nuclear power plant on the island. By 1972, the plan for the nuclear plant was dropped due to environmental concerns. Seattle City Light and Snohomish County PUD sold the property in 1980.</p><br>
<p>On June 23, 2010, a joint ownership agreement was signed by the state Parks and Recreation Commission and the Swinomish Indian Tribal Community. Both Kiket and tiny Flagstaff Island (connected to Kiket by another tombolo) are included in the agreement, and are now part of Deception Pass State Park. The partners and the Trust for Public Land gathered grants and donations from a range of sources to purchase the $14 million property from a private owner. Formal public access to and use at the Kukutali Preserve is still to be determined by an as yet uncompleted management plan. In the interim, public access to the island is provided by weekly guided tours conducted by Washington State Parks representatives. People who wish to visit the island should contact staff at Deception Pass State Park to make arrangements for the Saturday day tours.</p><br>
<p>As part of the acquisition process, wildlife surveys were conducted in the winter of 2008–2009.</p><br>
<p>Fort New Salem is a frontier settlement of nineteenth century log structures located in Salem, Harrison County, West Virginia, United States, adjacent to Salem International University. Salem was originally settled in 1792 by a group of Seventh Day Baptist families from Shrewsbury, NJ. English, Welsh, Scotch-Irish and German farm culture shaped the traditions that dominated the region until the development of energy and mineral resources brought a wave of immigration into the area. Fort New Salem is a living history outdoor museum interpreting the history, crafts and lifestyles of the area. Historically, among the numerous seasonal activities held at the fort is "The Spirit of Christmas in the Mountains". This nationally recognized event is a joyous celebration of the traditional folk-ways found in observance of Christmas in West Virginia. Work on this village of over 18 relocated log structures began in 1971. The Fort opened to the public in 1974, as a part of Salem College . The site is approximately eight acres, now owned by the Fort New Salem Foundation, Inc.</p><br>
<p>The Drummine Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at New Market, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. The main house was constructed about 1790 and is a -story structure of uncoursed fieldstone. The house retains Georgian stylistic influences in exterior and interior decorative detailing. The farm complex structures include a stone tenant house dated 1816, and four additional fieldstone buildings from the early 19th century: a smokehouse, a water storage house, a garden outhouse, and a large bank barn. Wooden farm buildings include a calf shed and a wagon shed with corn cribs from the late 19th century, a dairy barn with three cement stave silos from the 1930s, several sheds and garages, and a large pole barn.</p><br>
<p>The Drummine Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>The Watts Cemetery Chapel or Watts Mortuary Chapel is a chapel and in an Art Nouveau version of Celtic Revival style in the village cemetery of Compton in Surrey. While the overall architectural structure is loosely Romanesque Revival, in the absence of any appropriate Celtic models, the lavish decoration in terracotta relief carving and paintings is Celtic Revival, here seen on an unusually large scale. According to the local council, it is "a unique concoction of art nouveau, Celtic, Romanesque and Egyptian influence with Mary&#39;s own original style". Other responses have been less positive. Ian Nairn, in the 1971 Surrey volume of the Buildings of England series, described the interior as; "one of the most soporific rooms in England" and regretted, "the intolerable torpor and weariness of the motifs". It is a Grade I listed building.</p><br>
<p>When Compton Parish Council created a new cemetery, local resident artist Mary Fraser-Tytler, the wife of Victorian era painter and sculptor George Frederic Watts, offered to design and build a new mortuary chapel. The Wattses had recently build a house a few hundred yards away, now part of the Watts Gallery. Tytler was a follower of the Home Arts and Industries Association, set up by Earl Brownlow in 1885 to encourage handicrafts among the lower classes, and the chapel was the Wattses&#39; contribution to this characteristically Victorian preoccupation with social improvement through creative enlightenment.</p><br>
<p>A group of local amateurs and enthusiasts, many of whom later went on with Mary Fraser-Tytler to found the Compton Potters Arts Guild, constructed the chapel from 1896 to 1898; virtually every village resident was involved. The ground plan is essentially circular; from the outside the building has the look of a Roman Italianate chapel. Local villagers were invited to decorate the chapel under Marys guidance, resulting in an interior that fuses art nouveau and Celtic influences, combined with Marys own original style. Each member of Fraser-Tytlers evening class, led by Louis Deuchars, had a separate job, with 74 Compton villagers taking part. G.F. Watts paid for the project and also painted a version of The All-Pervading for the altar only three months before he died.</p><br>
<p>The graves display sayings influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement, including "The Morning Stars Sang Together" and, inside the chapel, "Their hope is full of immortality but the souls of the righteous are in the hands of God."</p><br>
<p>Both Watts have memorials in the "cloister" a few yards from the chapel, and a number of the memorials throughout the small cemetery use unglazed terracotta, even from dates after the Compton Pottery closed in the 1950s. Members of the Huxley family, including Aldous Huxley, are buried within the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The Chapel is open Monday to Friday: 8am – 5pm, Saturday to Sunday and Bank Holidays: 10am – 5:30pm and is managed by the nearby Watts Gallery, celebrating the architect and her husband. There is no charge.</p><br>
<p>Sirsukh  is an ancient city that forms part of the ruins at Taxila, near the modern day city of Taxila, Punjab, Pakistan.</p><br>
<h2>City</h2><br>
<p>The city of Sirsukh was founded by the Kushan king Kanishka after 80 CE, and is the last of the great ancient cities of Taxila. The invaders decided to abandon the older city of Sirkap and build a newer city on the other side of the Lundi-nala. The wall of the city is about 5 kilometers long and about 5.4 meters thick. The city wall covers an area of around 2300 x 1000 meters seen along the east-west direction, and is laid out in a typical Central Asian style, complete with suburbs. Sirsukh was left uninhabited when the White Huns invaded the Punjab at the end of the fifth century CE. To the north-east of the city flows the Harro river whereas to the south the Lundi-ravine is present.</p><br>
<p>The ancient city was excavated only on a very small scale in 1915-16 CE, and further excavation work has been impeded by a high water table which threatens the integrity of ancient structures. It was included in the World Heritage List of the UNO in 1980 as part of Taxila.</p><br>
<h2>Wall</h2><br>
<p>The wall of the city is made of large stone bricks with smaller stone bricks in-between the larger ones. It is remarkably smooth on the outer side. Circular bastions are present in the wall at small distances for defence. These bastions contain holes for archers who could shoot arrows at the enemy outside.</p><br>
<p>The Routzahn-Miller Farmstead is a historic home and farm complex located at Middletown, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It consists of a Federal style-influenced brick house and smokehouse, both built about 1825; a later frame out-kitchen / washhouse; a standard Pennsylvania barn; a 20th-century dairy barn and milk house; and a 20th-century equipment shed. The Pennsylvania barn was probably built in the late 19th century and was recently rehabilitated for use as a preschool. The complex is located on a 16.7 acre parcel on the east flank of South Mountain. It is representative example of a type of domestic and agricultural grouping which characterized the rural mid-Maryland region from the early 19th century through World War II era.</p><br>
<p>The Routzahn-Miller Farmstead was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<p>The Daniel Sheffer Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Middletown, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It is dominated by the two story brick main house, which was constructed between 1840 and 1850. Outbuildings include a stone spring house, a large wood-frame barn, constructed about 1900, and several wood-frame outbuildings including a corncrib, a wagon shed, three frame wood sheds, two tractor sheds, and a chicken house. A concrete block milk house and terra cotta silo were added to the complex in the 1930s. In September 1862, the property served as a temporary hospital for wounded soldiers during the Battle of South Mountain in the American Civil War.</p><br>
<p>The Daniel Sheffer Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The George Markell Farmstead, also known as Arcadian Dairy Farm and the Thomas Property, is a historic home and farm complex located at Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It consists of brick house built about 1865, a brick smokehouse, a bake oven, two stone domestic outbuildings, an ice house, a springhouse, a frame stable, a frame chicken house, a mid-20th century guest house, and various sheds and outbuildings. Nearby is a large gambrel-roofed concrete block barn. The main house has combined Greek Revival and Italianate stylistic influences. The once large Markell dairy farm, with its lane to the Ballenger Creek ford of the Monocacy River, served as the primary approach route to the battlefield by Confederate troops during the July 9, 1864 Battle of Monocacy during the American Civil War.</p><br>
<p>The George Markell Farmstead was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Linganore Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. The main house is a large two-story brick dwelling dating from the 1850s-60s and showing influence of the Greek Revival and Italianate styles. The property includes the ruins of a brick smokehouse, a stone root cellar and a two-story brick secondary house dating from the early 19th century. Across from the house is the site of the Linganore Mill, which was located on the east bank of the Monocacy River. In front of the house is a terraced lawn defined with large boxwoods. In 1891, the farm was converted to a resort known as the Linganore Hills Inn.</p><br>
<p>The Linganore Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>The Warragamba River, a river that is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, is located in the Macarthur region of New South Wales, Australia.</p><br>
<h2>Course and features</h2><br>
<p>Formed through the confluence of the Coxs River and two minor tributaries, Warragamba River rises within Lake Burragorang and is the river on which Warragamba Dam is established, creating a large reservoir with total capacity of 2,031 GL, that forms a major part of the water supply to greater metropolitan Sydney. The river descends 96 m, the majority of which is over the dam spillway, and then flows north into the Nepean River, north of the village of Warragamba, a course of approximately 18 km.</p><br>
<p>Prior to the creation of Lake Burragorang, the Warragamba River would have been formed by the confluences of the Coxs, Nattai, and Wollondilly rivers in the Burragorang Valley. Downstream, the river flowed through a gorge that varied in width from 300 m to 600 m, and was 100 m in depth. It was this configuration which allowed a relatively short but high dam wall in the gorge to impound a large quantity of water.</p><br>
<p>Today, the Burragorang Valley and most of the Warragamba River is submerged beneath the lake, and the remaining section of the river flows only the 3.5 km north-east from the Warragamba Dam spillway to its confluence with the Nepean River.</p><br>
<p>The area surrounding Warragamba River is managed by Sydney Catchment Authority under the that defines special zones and places restrictions and controls on land use, development and access in order to safeguard potable water.</p><br>
<p>Peter of P. Grossnickel Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Myersville, Maryland, Frederick County. It consists of a mid-19th-century, Greek Revival farmhouse and 13 related buildings and structures. The house is a -story stone center-passage house on a limestone foundation, with a -story kitchen wing and 18 in walls. The house was built between 1840 and 1850. Also on the property is an 1881 tenant house with corresponding barn, spring house, and washhouse / privy; an 1884–1897 bank barn; a pre-1830 granary; a 19th-century wood shed; late-19th-century hog pen / chicken house; a pre-1830 beehive oven; a late-19th-century smokehouse; a spring house with a Late Victorian cottage addition; and early-20th-century concrete block milk house; and a log summer kitchen of unknown date. The Grossnickel family was a German American family who were instrumental in the establishment of the Grossnickel Church of the Brethren.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Harris Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Walkersville, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. The main house was built in 1855, and is a three-story center plan house in predominantly late Greek Revival syle, with some Italianate elements. The agricultural complex consists of a bank barn with an attached granary; a second frame barn that shares an animal yard with the bank barn; a row of frame outbuildings including a converted garage, a workshop, and a chicken house. There is also a drive-through double corn crib; and a frame pig pen from 1914. The 20th-century buildings consist of a frame poultry house, a dairy barn with milk house and two silos, and an octagonal chicken coop. A lime kiln is located on the edge of the property. The property is preserved as part of the Walkersville Heritage Farm Park.</p><br>
<p>The Harris Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<p>Kitterman–Buckey Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Johnsville, Frederick County, Maryland. It is the remnant of the farm that was established by the German immigrant Christopher Kitterman in 1752, and which remained in the Root/Buckey family from 1790 to 1919. The main house was built about 1752 and is two stories in height. It is composed of two halves, built probably 40 to 50 years apart, and united under a low-sloping slate roof with three chimneys, with additions made in the 19th century and again in the 1950s and 1980s. Also on the property are a springhouse and cabin / smokehouse both dating to about 1752, a machine shed, horse barn built about 1930, a bank barn built about 1850, and a silo from 1934.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>Fuxian Lake stretches out through Chengjiang, Jiangchuan and Huaning Counties in Yunnan Province, spanning an area of 212 square kilometers. The lake is ranked third-largest in Yunnan, after Dian Lake and Erhai Lake. Also the deepest lake in Yunnan, it is 155 meters deep at its greatest depth. It is also the third-deepest fresh water lake in China, after Tianchi and Kanas Lake.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<h2>Flora and fauna</h2><br>
<p>Fuxian Lake is known for its unique fauna, including many endemic species. However, its relative isolation makes it vulnerable to biological invasions and pollution.</p><br>
<p>Together with other Yunnan lakes (Dian, Qilu, Yangzong, Xingyun, and Yilong), Fuxian is recognized as an ecoregion. Fuxian is one of three major Yunnan lakes with a high number of endemics, the others being Dian (Dianchi) and Erhai. There are 24 native fish species and subspecies in Fuxian Lake, including 11 endemics. The situation for most of these is precarious because they have been negatively impacted by the many introduction of exotic species of fish (26 species), habitat degradation, water pollution, and overfishing. The endemic fish are all cyprinids or stone loaches.</p><br>
<p>A fungus Dyrithiopsis lakefuxianensis growing on submerged wood has been collected and described as a new species to science from Fuxian Lake, as suggested by its scientific name.</p><br>
<p>A few native hydrophytes have disappeared from the lake.</p><br>
<p>The prehistoric Fuxianhuia, significant in discussions of arthropod evolution, is also named after the lake, where it was discovered in 1987.</p><br>
<h2>Lost city</h2><br>
<p>In 2001 it was reported that earthenware and stonework covering an area of approximately 2.4–2.7 square kilometers had been discovered beneath the lake. Carbon dating circa 2007 confirmed an age of 1,750 years, or approximately 257 CE. It is thought that the remains may represent buildings from the ancient Dian Kingdom that slid into the lake during an earthquake.</p><br>
<p>In 2006, CCTV made an additional survey. Carbon dating in 2007 found relics to be roughly 1,750 years old. In October 2014 additional research was made on the site by a multidisciplinary team. Portions were mapped and 42 handmade stone artifacts were recovered from a depth of seven meters.</p><br>
<h2>Notable sites</h2><br>
<p>There are two major sites west of the lake: a military base at Lijiashan (speculated to be used for submarine testing and other forms of nautical engineering) and a nearby tourism resort.</p><br>
<h2>Panorama</h2><br>
<p>The Highland Lodge, also known as Pequea, is a historic home and resort building complex located at Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It consists of a large Victorian period frame house centered at the end of a circular driveway, and its complement of outbuildings. The house is large and rambling and considered eclectic in style with a prominent central projecting gable. The property includes a frame stable and carriage house, now garages; a small frame barn; a small log dwelling moved to the property in the early 20th century; a frame summer kitchen and a frame secondary dwelling. It was developed originally in 1881 as a summer home for John H. Williams, a wealthy and influential Frederick attorney and banker.</p><br>
<p>The Highland Lodge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Hopewell is a set of historic homes and farm complexes located at Union Bridge, Carroll County, Maryland, United States. It consists of four related groupings of 19th century farm buildings. The Hopewell complex consists of two historic farms: Hopewell and the smaller F.R. Shriner  Farm.</p><br>
<p>Hopewell&#39;s two-story main house dates from 1818. It has the distinction of having the first interior bathroom installed in Frederick County outside the City of Frederick. The main farm also contains a stone dairy, a frame privy, a frame carriage house, a frame workshop, a brick smokehouse, a brick bake oven, an ice house, and a frame Pennsylvania barn. There are two tenant complexes associated with Hopewell.</p><br>
<p>The F.R. Shriner Farm lies in Carroll County and consists of a brick two-story house on a raised coursed marble foundation, two smokehouses, an outhouse, a Pennsylvania barn, two corrugated iron silos, a double corncrib-wagon shed, two modern feed/storage buildings, a chicken coop, garage, work shed, piggery, and tractor shed.</p><br>
<p>Hopewell was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Abbott–Holloway Farm contains a couple of the few early structures still standing in Bethlehem, Indiana, located in the extreme northeast section of Clark County, Indiana. It overlooks the Ohio River.</p><br>
<p>The land comprising the Abbott–Holloway Farm was first owned by Jonathan Clark, one of the early founders of Bethlehem in 1812. The primary building on the lot is believed to have been built in 1830 by Asa Abbott; records destroyed by the Ohio River flood of 1937 makes the exact date unknowable. When first built it was used as a store and post office, as Abbott was the postmaster for the town. Abbott is also believed to be the builder of the farm that also still stands. Due to fires and tornados, these buildings are among the few buildings constructed before 1840 still standing in Bethlehem; only two other houses still stand from the time.</p><br>
<p>After Abbott died in 1873, control of the town went to his widowed daughter Athenatia (Abbott) Ross. With her 1885 marriage to Missouri man Fleming Holloway, they and his children moved to the farm. During their time of ownership several more barns were placed on the property, but most of those structures were destroyed in a tornado during the 20th century. Upon Athenatia&#39;s 1899 death, Fleming gave up the house to his son Barnes Holloway, and moved to a smaller house on the property. In 1939 the farm was sold to Ira Church. Its modern owners acquired it in 1988 and turned it into a bed and breakfast.</p><br>
<p>The structures of the property include a main house, two sheds, and a privy. The main house is Federal two-story double-pile brick house with a one-story extension. It features a central passage, twin end chimneys, and side gable roof. Many of its doors are paneled wood with limestone lintels. The house was named in 1992 by the Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana among the ten most significant buildings in Clark County. The barn on the property is of a transverse-frame timber construction that has been converted for guest housing.</p><br>
<p>It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994, two years after its HLFI designation and one year after the local historical preservation group, the Historic Bethlehem Inc., was founded.</p><br>
<p>Abbott-Holloway Farmland.jpgAbbott–Holloway farmland</p><br>
<p>The Road Island Diner is a rare classic Streamline Moderne 60 x 16 Art Deco diner car restaurant located in the remote mountain city of Oakley, Utah in the United States. It was prefabricated as diner # 1107 in 1939 at the Elizabeth, New Jersey factory of the Jerry O&#39;Mahony Diner Company.</p><br>
<p>After construction, it was displayed on exhibition at the 1939 Worlds Fair in New York. After the Fair, It was sold to Al McDermott who had it towed it to Fall River, Massachusetts where it operated for 14 years. In 1953, it was sold to Greek immigrant Tommy Borodemos, who had it transported down the turnpike to Middletown, Rhode Island, where it operated for 4 generations as Tommys Deluxe Diner. It closed its doors in May 2006 and was purchased in 2007 by Utah businessman, Keith Walker, who transported it to Oakley, Utah. After a year of restoration, it was opened in July 2008. It is said to be the only pre-war, Art-deco streamline (constructed to mimic a rail dining car) diner west of the Mississippi River.</p><br>
<p>Claimed to have been the "Cadillac" of diner companies because of its steel frame construction, The Jerry OMahony Diner Company of Elizabeth, New Jersey whose motto was "In our line, We lead the world" was said to have produced 2,000 diners from 1917 to 1941 with only four pre-war Art-Deco streamline style diners to still be in operation. The smaller 50 x 10 Mickeys Diner serial # 1067 in Saint Paul, Minnesota which is the first diner to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the 40 x 16 Collins Diner serial # 1103 in North Canaan, Ct. and the 1938 Summit Diner in Summit, N.J. The Road Island Diner (OMahony Dining Car #1107) was added to the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Service on August 21, 2009.</p><br>
<p>Acorn Hall is an 1853 Victorian Italianate mansion located in Morristown, Morris County, New Jersey, United States, that is on the National Register of Historic Places. It serves as the headquarters of the Morris County Historical Society, which operates Acorn Hall as a historic house museum.</p><br>
<p>Named for the two-centuries-old oak tree formerly standing on its property, Acorn Hall was built in 1853 by the Schermerhorn family as a simple four-room over four-room farmhouse. Following the death of Mrs. Schermerhorn in 1854, Dr. Schermerhorn put the house and its contents up for sale. It was purchased in 1857 by the Augustus Crane family of New York. The Cranes in 1860 had the house enlarged and remodeled in the then-fashionable Italianate Villa style. After being passed down through several generations, the house was given to the Historical Society in 1971 by Mary Crane Hone. Historians have recognized Acorn Hall for its authentic mid-Victorian era furnishings, primarily pieces from the Schermerhorn and Crane-Hone families, supplemented with significant objects from other prominent Morris County families of the 19th century. Carpeting, wall coverings, and decorative paint techniques remain as they were in the nineteenth century.</p><br>
<p>Acorn Hall also offers an exhibit gallery with changing exhibits highlighting various aspects of Morris County history and Victorian culture.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the National Register of Historic Places, Acorn Hall is on the New Jersey State Register, and is part of the NJ Womens History Trail, in recognition of the importance of the Crane and Hone women in both preservation and the womens suffrage movement. The grounds are also connected to the Morris County Park Commissions Patriots Path system of trails.</p><br>
<p>The Womans Club of Coconut Grove  is a historic womans club in Miami, Florida.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The organization was founded in 1891 by Flora McFarlane. Charter members included women from the pioneering families of Coconut Grove, and included Mrs. Kirk Munroe, Mrs. Joseph Frow, Mrs. Charles Peacock, Mrs. Charles John Peacock and Mrs. Benjamin Newbold. The first meeting of the Womans Club of Coconut Grove was called to order on February 19, 1891, with the primary purpose of improving life for members of the community. An integral part of the groups mission was to expand education though an emphasis on literacy. The Womans Club of Coconut Grove was the first federated womans club established in the State of Florida. In 1957, Housekeepers Club of Coconut Grove members officially changed the name of the organization to the Womans Club of Coconut Grove.</p><br>
<h3>The First Coconut Grove Schoolhouse</h3><br>
<p>The first public school building in Miami-Dade county, built in 1889, was the site of the groups first meeting. Members of the Housekeepers Club of Coconut Grove raised the funds necessary to build the schoolhouse, which also served as the communitys Sunday School site. The building was the area&#39;s only public school until 1894, until a larger school was constructed, and the one-room building was abandoned.</p><br>
<h3>Pine Needles Club</h3><br>
<p>An offshoot of the original Housekeepers Club of Coconut Grove, the Pine Needles Club offered young girls an opportunity to congregate, and discuss literature of present and past. The club was founded in 1895, in an effort to foster a spirit of community in the South Florida area. Mary Barr Munroe, wife of pioneer and author Kirk Munroe, gathered area girls for weekly outdoors readings of adventure novels, often those on the subjects of Seminole Indians and the Florida Everglades.</p><br>
<h3>Coconut Grove Library</h3><br>
<p>Founder Mary Barr Munroe, alongside Pine Needles Club members, worked to establish the first lending library in the City of Miami, operating out of donated space above an area general store. A 1895 donation of reading materials by frequent South Florida visitor, Louise Carnegie, and wife of Steel tycoon, Andrew Carnegie, enabled the Club to establish what became known as the Coconut Grove Reading Room. The Coconut Grove Reading Room collection grew exponentially. Housekeepers Club and Pine Needles Club members were eventually able to raise the funds required to erect the very first branch of the Miami-Dade Public Library System, known as the Coconut Grove Library. The branch, completed and open for business in 1901, was built upon land donated by fellow Coconut Grove pioneer, Ralph Munroe.</p><br>
<h2>Club Activities</h2><br>
<p>Numerous environmental, social, and educational endeavors have been carried out by Housekeepers Club of Coconut Grove members.</p><br>
<h3>Environmental</h3><br>
<p>In 1905, as part of the Florida Federation of Women&#39;s Clubs, Housekeeper Club members embarked on an endeavor to establish protective status for nearly 2,000 acres of land in Paradise Key, a valuable ecosystem, part of the Florida Everglades. By 1915, their efforts were rewarded by the State of Florida, with the creation of the Royal Palm State Park. Housekeepers Club members also spoke out against the slaughter of egrets, which was commonplace at the time.</p><br>
<h3>Social</h3><br>
<p>Social advocacy was a central focus of the Housekeepers Club of Coconut Grove. Group members acted in support of Seminole Indian tribes, who remained exploited to a great extent. The group participated in the delivery of humanitarian aid, working in conjunction with the American Red Cross in times of disaster or crisis. In June 1923, in an effort to continue the support of positive female role models in a rapidly changing United States, the organization sponsored the first Girl Scout of America troop in southeast Florida. Troop I nicknamed themselves "The Alligators."</p><br>
<h3>Educational</h3><br>
<p>In 1921, in an effort to promote community unity, the Housekeepers Club of Coconut Grove founded a community fine arts board. The board&#39;s intent also included promoting an appreciation for theatre and pageantry. The outdoor performances allowed amateur actors from the community a creative outlet, and created a steady flow of funds with which outreach activities may be carried out.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The group eventually moved into a building designed expressly for members by renowned architect Walter de Garmo. Construction was completed in 1921. The building was constructed with materials such as oolitic limestone, concrete, stone, and stucco. The rectangular building features a curvilinear gable roof, and wrap-around porch, with a series of recessed, semicircular arches. On March 26, 1975, the site was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Present Day</h2><br>
<p>The oldest civic group in Miami-Dade County, the Womans Club of Coconut Grove, though its collection of active, associate, and lifetime dues, performs regular outreach projects, and awards annual scholarships to females exhibiting outstanding community leadership skills. In the spirit of the groups original motto, "Lend a Hand," the Women&#39;s Club has supported numerous organization over the last decades, including Casa Valentina, Cancer Survivors, Hacienda Girls’ Ranch, Canine Companions, Heifer International, Miami-Dade Public Library System, as well as Miami-Dade County Public Schools.</p><br>
<p>The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad Depot was built by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad  in 1906. It is located at the south end of the business district in Madison, South Dakota. The building is a rectangular single-story brick structure. It housed mens and womens waiting rooms, a lunch room , station agent&#39;s office, and a freight room. Rather than being a wood-frame building, as was usual for smaller, rural stations, the depot at Madison was built of brick.</p><br>
<p>The Milwaukee Road first entered Madison in the 1881. In 1906 it built the new depot. It functioned as a passenger station until 1953. The building was still used by the railroad as offices and a freight agency. In 1979, before The Milwaukee Road went bankrupt, the depot was closed. After the bankruptcy, the BNSF Railway bought the property and the rail line. It continued to use the depot for freight and storage until 1981. BNSF then closed the depot for good. In 1989, the depot was bought by local citizens who then turned it over to the local Chamber of Commerce for use as its new office.</p><br>
<p>The depot was listed in the National Register of Historic Places because of its architecture and also because of its association with the development of Madison.</p><br>
<p>Croxall Hall is a restored and extended 16th century manor house situated in the small village of Croxall, Staffordshire . It is a Grade II* listed building.</p><br>
<p>The manor of Croxall was owned by the Curzon Family, who rebuilt the old manor house in the late 16th century.</p><br>
<h2>Owners</h2><br>
<h3>The Curzon Family</h3><br>
<p>Croxall, then in Derbyshire, was one of 140 Derbyshire Manors granted to Henry de Ferrers following the Norman Conquest of 1066.</p><br>
<p>Croxall, together with the Manors of Edingale, Twyford and Kedleston were granted to Richard De Curzon; Richard was son of Giraline De Courson, a Breton who had fought in the conquest.</p><br>
<p>The family were originally linked with the town of Notre-Dame-de-Courson in France.</p><br>
<p>The family held the manors under the Ferrers Family until 1266 when, after the 6th Earls rebellion against the King, the Ferrers lands came under the Duchy of Lancaster. The family held the Manors under the Duchy until the end of the 14th century, after which time they held them direct from the crown.</p><br>
<p>Richard De Curzon had a son Robert, whom himself had 3 sons: Richard, Thomas and Robert. Richard was left Croxall, Edingale and Twyford, and is from whom the Curzons of Croxall are descended; Thomas was left Kedleston, and is from whom the Curzons of Kedleston are descended. The third son, known as Robert of Courçon, became a celebrated Cardinal, and was a school colleague and friend of Pope Innocent III.</p><br>
<p>The division of property caused dispute. Thomas had been left Kedleston by his father, but his grandmother, Alice (formerly De Somerville), claimed she had been left the Manor by her husband. The depute was solved by giving Croxall Manor to Alice for the duration of her life, after which time it passed back to Richard.</p><br>
<p>The Manor of Twyford was conveyed to John Creweker in 1421, leaving the Curzons with the two adjoining manors of Croxall and Edingale.</p><br>
<p>It&#39;s not known when the Curzon family took up residence at Croxall; There has been a house on the site since before they took ownership; however, the earliest known Curzon graves within the parish church date from the 14th century.</p><br>
<p>The Manor was the childhood home of Joyce Curzon (later known as Lady De Appleby, and then as Mrs. Joyce Lewis), a Protestant Martyr who, in 1557, was burned at the stake in the Market Place in Lichfield. This was part of the Marian persecutions of Queen Mary (Bloody Mary).</p><br>
<h3>Later Owners</h3><br>
<p>The property passed to the Sackville family, The Earls, and later, Dukes of Dorset, following the death of the last male Curzon, Sir George Curzon, in 1622. George&#39;s daughter, and heiress, Mary Curzon, brought the property through her marriage to Edward Sackville, 4th Earl of Dorset.</p><br>
<p>The Sackvilles spent less and less time at Croxall and by the mid-18th century, there is evidence they were renting the Hall to local farmers.</p><br>
<p>In about 1779 the manor was sold by John Sackville, 3rd Duke of Dorset to John Prinsep a wealthy East India merchant and later Member of Parliament.</p><br>
<p>The method of this sale is unclear, with some evidence suggesting Prinsep acquired the Hall as the result of a bet/wager.</p><br>
<p>His son Thomas Prinsep, (High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1802), left the 1,450 acre estate to his nephew Thomas Levett of Wychnor Hall who thereupon changed his name to Thomas Levett-Prinsep.</p><br>
<p>By 1920, the Levett-Prinsep family had fallen on hard times; they were forced to sell the Croxall Estate and later moved to Devon. The estate was subsequently split up.</p><br>
<p>In 1930 the Hall and 100 acres of land were purchased by Captain Charlton and his wife Edith who used it as a farm.</p><br>
<p>On 7th November 1942, their Son, Major Nicholas Charlton, and his wife, Ethel, were killed when a fire broke out at the Hall. Edith Charlton only escaped by climbing from a window, down the ivy that covered the building. The fire resulted in the demolition of the west wing of the Hall.</p><br>
<p>In 1953 the Hall was sold to a local businessman, Jim Rose of Tamworth; he and his family gradually restored what remained of the hall.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Architectural History</h3><br>
<p>There has been a house on the site since "very early times&quot at least since the Norman Conquest.</p><br>
<p>Little is known of the Pre-Tudor Manor Houses, other than that it was surrounded by a moat.</p><br>
<p>The present brick-built house dates from Elizabethan Times, and was built in the traditional Tudor E shape.</p><br>
<p>The Dorset (Sackville) Family had ceased residing at the Hall by the 19th century and it began to fall into disrepair; it was subsequently sold to The Levett-Prinsep Family but the decline continued, and 1868 was being used as a farm house.</p><br>
<p>The property was damaged by fire in 1868, but over the following 4 years, the Levett-Princep&#39;s subsequently restored and extended the Hall, with the architect Joseph Potter of Lichfield.</p><br>
<p>The Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway passes within a mile of the Hall; The Hall was previously served by its own railway station: Croxall railway station, which closed in 1928.</p><br>
<p>The house was again fire damaged in 1942. The fire killed the owner&#39;s son and daughter-in-law. The fire destroyed the west wing of the house, including the Library and Long Gallery. As the country was in the midst of World War II, restoration was not possible, and the wing was demolished.</p><br>
<p>After sale to the Rose family in 1953, what remained of the house was gradually restored.</p><br>
<h3>Famous Visitors</h3><br>
<p>Mary Queen of Scots is supposed to have stayed at the Hall for one night during her time imprisoned in various Derbyshire houses.</p><br>
<p>Queen Henrietta Maria, wife of King Charles I, stayed at the Hall in one of the bedrooms in the wing demolished following the fire of 1942.</p><br>
<p>LHermitage Slave Village Archeological Site is an archaeological site near Frederick in Frederick County, Maryland. The location, within the boundaries of Monocacy National Battlefield, was the site of lHermitage Plantation, founded about 1793 by the Vincendière family. The Vincendières are believed to have been former Haitian landowners who had fled the Haitian Revolution to the Catholic-leaning state of Maryland. L&#39;Hermitage was notable during its time for its size, brutality and for the large number of slaves on the property.</p><br>
<p>The site was the subject of an archaeological excavation by the National Park Service in the summer of 2010 which focused on the structures on the site, believed to have been slave cabins. The Park Service had acquired the area in 1993 as part of an expansion of the battlefield site, and conducted preliminary investigations in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>L'Hermitage Plantation</h2><br>
<p>The Vincendière family was initially headed by Marguerite Mangan de la Vincendière, some of her children, and a relative, Jean Payan de Boisneuf. Marguerites husband, Etienne Bellumeau de la Vincendière did not come to Maryland, choosing instead to establish himself in Charleston, South Carolina. Twelve slaves accompanied the Vincendières. Marguerite and Etiennes daughter Victoire, aged 17 in 1793, was responsible for assembling the lands of the plantation between 1793 and 1798 and became head of the family by 1800. By 1800 there were ninety slaves on the property, which encompassed 748 acres at its peak. The plantation was notable for its size and ethnic character; more typical landholdings in the area were much smaller, with no more than a dozen slaves, and were owned by German immigrant farmers. The Vincendière family may have been trying to re-create the large-scale slave labor system that they were familiar with in Haiti, possibly in order to cultivate labor-intensive crops. The Vincindières built many of the structures still visible at the site.</p><br>
<h2>Slavery</h2><br>
<p>L&#39;Hermitage was also known in its time for its harsh regime. Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz traveled through the area in June 1798, recounting that he had been told of tyranny and torture at the plantation:</p><br>
<p>June 15.... Four miles from the town we forded the river. On its banks one can see a row of wooden houses and one stone house with the upper storeys painted white.... One can see on the home farm instruments of torture, stocks, wooden horses, whips, etc. Two or three negroes crippled with torture have brought legal action...</p><br>
<p>Nine court proceedings against family members for cruelty to slaves are recorded, including proceedings against Boisneuf for "cruelly and immercifully beating and whipping" six slaves and against Victoire Vincendière for beating her slave Jenny. These charges were dismissed, but Boisneuf was found guilty in 1797 of beating a slave named Shadrack and of "not sufficiently clothing and feeding his negroes."</p><br>
<p>The Vincendières sold L&#39;Hermitage in 1827, after gradually dispersing most of their slaves. Victoire moved to a townhouse in Frederick.</p><br>
<p>The l&#39;Hermitage site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The Hessian Barracks is a historic barracks and school building located at Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. There were two L-shaped buildings built on the site, one was demolished in the 1870s. It is a two-story stone structure with gallery porches and a gable roof. The barracks were reportedly built during the French and Indian War,  and occupied by British General Edward Braddock and his troops on their route to Fort Duquesne</p><br>
<p>(later Fort Pitt, now modern Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) at the Forks of the Ohio. How ever, evidence suggests that they remained incomplete as late as 1781 when the structure was used as a prison.</p><br>
<p>The Barracks were put to a variety of used during the 19th century including a state armory, silkworm production site, and hospital after the nearby Battle of South Mountain and subsequent bloody Battle of Antietam in September 1862, during the American Civil War. The yard served as the Agricultural Fairgrounds from 1853 to 1860. In 1867, it was chosen as the site for the Maryland Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, (now renamed the Maryland School for the Deaf). The original western barracks building was demolished in 1871 for the construction of a new Victorian style large central building, which in turn was razed in the late 1960s, replaced by individual brick cottages.</p><br>
<p>The Hessian Barracks was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.</p><br>
<p>The Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Passenger Depot, located in Great Falls, Montana, was built in 1915 by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad . The Milwaukee Road was the last transcontinental railroad that entered Montana in 1907-1908 as a part of its "Pacific Extension".</p><br>
<p>The depot is a two-story brick building that includes a 135-foot tower. The building is rectangular in shape. The first floor held the waiting rooms, station agent&#39;s office and baggage rooms. Railroad offices were located on the second floor. It was designed by architect J.A. Lindstrand, who also designed the Milwaukee Depot in Missoula, Montana.</p><br>
<p>The depot continued to serve the local community until the mid-1960s. The Milwaukee Road then ceased passenger service. After the railroad&#39;s bankruptcy, the build sat vacant until it was converted into a retail mall in the 1970s. The mall closed in the early 1980s. In 1988, the building was converted into an office building.</p><br>
<p>Loats Female Orphan Asylum of Frederick City is a historic home and former orphanage building located at Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland.</p><br>
<p>It is an imposing -story Federal Flemish bond brick mansion with a sloping gable roof. The small addition on the east end of the house served as an office for the original owner, John Baltzell, M.D. (1774–1854). The house&#39;s third owner, John Loats (first president of the Frederick and Pennsylvania Line railroad, headquartered in Frederick.), established in his will of 1879, the Loats Female Orphan Asylum of Frederick City. It currently serves as headquarters to the Historical Society of Frederick County.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<p>Lewis Mill Complex is a historic grist mill complex located at Jefferson, Frederick County, Maryland. The complex consists of seven standing structures, a house foundation, and the remains of an earlier millrace. It centers on an early 19th-century three-story brick mill structure with a gabled roof. The mill complex served German immigrant farmers in Middletown Valley between 1810 and the 1920s. It was rehabilitated in 1979-1980 for use as a pottery shop. Also in the complex are a stuccoed log house and log springhouse built about; a frame wagon shed and corn crib structure and frame barn dating from the late 19th century; and early 20th century cattle shelter and a frame garage.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>A trombe wall was installed on the south wall of the mill in 1980 to heat the business and living quarters. Solar panels were installed on outbuildings in 2011. Two businesses are located in the mill: NutriCycle Systems and Catoctin Pottery.</p><br>
<p>Strawberry Peak  is a prominent peak in the San Gabriel Mountains of Los Angeles County, California. It is located about 10 mi north of Pasadena, and 28 mi from Los Angeles, along the Angeles Crest Highway. Strawberry Peak is the tallest of the front range peaks, being three feet higher than nearby San Gabriel Peak. Both can be widely seen from greater Los Angeles and the San Gabriel Valley, and are popular with hikers. Other prominent nearby peaks include Josephine Peak and Mount Wilson. Strawberry Peak was named by mountaineers over a century ago, who felt the peak resembled an enormous upside-down strawberry.</p><br>
<p>The peak can be ascended on the east side as a 7.5-mile trail walk using Strawberry Peak Trail, which begins near the, or from the west as a class 3 scramble from a trailhead near the entrance to the.</p><br>
<p>The area was closed to the public as a result of the Station Fire. However, the last closure order expired on May 24, 2014. Remaining fire damage in the area is minimal.</p><br>
<p>It is especially common to see Rattlesnakes in the area.</p><br>
<p>Lake Shawnee is a small 83 acre private lake located in Jefferson Township, New Jersey, United States. Its outsource is the Beaver Brook, which flows into Lake Hopatcong, New Jersey&#39;s largest lake. Lake Shawnee and its watershed are the headwaters of the Musconetcong River watershed.</p><br>
<p>The Lake Shawnee Reservation as it is known was developed in 1946 by the Arthur D. Crane Company of Sparta, real estate developers, which incorporated the Lake Shawnee Club and began selling home sites on the Lake many of which were originally summer homes. By 1948, the first two homes were built and during the next 15 years the Club reached its peak of 562 resident members. The Clubhouse was then constructed and First Beach, not included in the original deeds, was subsequently purchased from the Crane Company with funds raised from within the membership.</p><br>
<p>In 2016, there was an effort to change the mailing address from a Wharton, NJ 07885 ZIP code, to a Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849 ZIP code. The effort was narrowly defeated. In 2026, a new effort will be made to change the mailing address ZIP code to Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849.</p><br>
<p>Edgewood Manor is located in Clarksburg, West Virginia on the east side of US Route 19 and State Route 20 North just one-fourth of a mile off of the West Pike Street Exit off Route 50. Another much older house of the same name, Edgewood , where a Confederate general died in 1863, is located far to the east in another West Virginia county.</p><br>
<h2>Morgan Family</h2><br>
<p>Haze Morgan (1876-1952), a lawyer in the Clarksburg area, was a member of the Morgan family, that has a substantial historic associations with western Virginia and West Virginia. Haze Morgan practiced law with John W. Davis, the only West Virginian ever nominated by a political party for President of the United States (but who lost to Calvin Coolidge). Haze Morgan had two famous great uncles: Colonel Morgan Morgan, first known white settler in what became West Virginia and who built a cabin near Bunker Hill in 1724 (a monument concerning which Haze Morgan was responsible), and General Zackquill Morgan, who founded Morgantown in 1766. Zackquill’s grandson, Francis Harrison Pierpont, who represents West Virginia in the National Statuary Hall Collection, became an abolitionist after a tour of Mississippi before the American Civil War but unsuccessfully opposed Virginia&#39;s secession. An avid supporter of President Abraham Lincoln, he served as governor of the Virginia counties that broke away to become West Virginia, and later as the Reconstruction Era governor of Virginia.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Architect Stephen Warder Ford designed the home per a commission from Haze Morgan, who wanted it as a residence. It was completed in 1914. The name reflects its construction by day labor at the edge of the woods. Edgewood Manor is a buff brick 2½ story Craftsman home capped by a medium tiled hip roof with one hipped-roof dormer on the west side with three chimneys extending above the roofline. Edgewood Manor is eligible for listing in the National Register under Criterion C: Architecture as an outstanding example of an architect-designed Craftsman-style residence. The period of significance is 1914, which was the year construction was complete. Edgewood Manor has managed to maintain all of its original character and design elements with only minor later changes.</p><br>
<h2>Grounds</h2><br>
<p>The estate includes many trees dating from the 1920s, including Pin Oaks, Butternuts, several Species of Pines, Hawthornes, Beech, large rhododendron, one native American chestnut that is a grand specimen from the days before blight. Two of these trees are registered state and national champions. There is also a Koi pond.</p><br>
<p>The Simeto  is a 113 km long river in Sicily, southern Italy. It is the second longest river on the island after the Salso , but the most important in terms of watershed and for the population of the nearby areas. All of its course is included in the province of Catania.</p><br>
<p>Its source is located near Bronte, from the union of several streams of the Nebrodi Mountains. After receiving its first affluence, the Troina, the river starts running southwards into a spectacular canyon of lava from eruptions of Mount Etna. Near Adrano, Simeto constitutes the boundary between the province of Catania and that of Enna, and receives the Salso, then flows near Paternò.</p><br>
<p>Simeto&#39;s final course is slower and twisting, being all included in the plain of Catania; its last confluences are with the Dittaino and the Gornalunga, before flowing into the Ionian Sea south to the metropolitan area of Catania.</p><br>
<p>The Crum Road Bridge is a historic bridge near Walkersville, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It spans Israel Creek southeast of Walkersville. The bridge is an iron bowstring pony bridge that is 62 ft in length and 15.8 ft in width. It was built about 1875, probably by the King Iron Bridge Company of Cleveland, Ohio.</p><br>
<p>The Crum Road Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The bridge was removed from its original location on Crum Road over Israel Creek and replaced by a new wide span concrete bridge in 1995. The bridge was relocated to the Heritage Farm Park, located several miles west off of Devilbiss Bridge Road for possible future use as a pedestrian bridge.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was subsequently removed from the property in 2004 and its location is currently unknown.</p><br>
<p>The Alpe della Luna  is a mountain massif in the northern Apennine Mountains of central Italy. It is situated across the boundaries of Tuscany, Marche, Umbria and Romagna. It is part of Appennino tosco-romagnolo. Its highest peaks are the Monte dei Frati, at 1,453 m above sea level, and Monte Maggiore . The sources of the Metauro, Marecchia  and Tiber River tributaies  are located in the massif area.</p><br>
<p>The Alpe della Luna is composed mostly of marlstone and sandstone. The wildlife is that typical of the Apennines.</p><br>
<p>On the site of Montecasale is an old monastery visited several times by Saint Francis of Assisi. In the same area is the monastery of Fragaiolo. This area was attended by Saint Anthony of Padua too.</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>St Mary&#39;s Church is an Anglican parish church in Saltford, Somerset, England. It dates from the 12th century or earlier and has been designated as a Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>This church has stood in the village of Saltford for over a thousand years. It is believed to be Norman with an authentic Norman Font still used for christenings today. It was taken away and defaced during the Battle of Lansdown during the English Civil War. It was subsequently found being used as a cattle trough. The rector at the time was never seen again. The tower is believed to be Saxon although 10 ft have been added and extensively repaired. Originally there were three bells dated 1820, although only one remains and still used. The gallery and porch are 19th-century and is where the organ is. More recently, a window has been added in memorial of the choirmaster for 10 years; Mr. T.C.G. Ewins.</p><br>
<h2>Current Information</h2><br>
<p>The current rector is The Reverend Daile Wilshere. She succeeds The Reverend G. Richard W. Hall, who served as Rector between 1988 and 2014. The church has many youth groups and other resident groups and initiatives. The Choir sings at most Parish Communion services. The church holds close links with Saltford Church of England Primary School, where the Rector speaks at Assembly every Monday Afternoon.</p><br>
<h2>The Church Hall</h2><br>
<p>The former village school has been converted into a Church Hall, with a spacious Main Hall, full kitchen facilities and 3 different smaller rooms. Local Groups hire these rooms; with revenue going to the church.</p><br>
<h2>The Benefice, Deanery and Diocese</h2><br>
<p>Saltford is part of the Benefice of Saltford, All Saints Church, Corston and Holy Trinity in Newton St Loe.,</p><br>
<p>as well as the Diocese of Bath & Wells (in the Archdiocese of Canterbury) and the Deanery of Chew Magna. The church&#39;s sister parish; Newton-St-Loe is in the patronage of the Duchy of Cornwall.</p><br>
<p>The United States Military Academy  and grounds were declared a National Historic Landmark in 1960 due to the Revolutionary War history and the age and historic significance of the Academy itself. The majority of the buildings in the central cadet area are historic.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>West Point is located approximately 50 mi north of New York City on the western bank of the Hudson River. The Academys geographic location and geologic formations have directly shaped its history. There wouldnt even be a military garrison at West Point were it not for the narrow "s-curve" in the river, literally creating a "west point" in the river that was so prominent and important for controlling shipping traffic on the Hudson during colonial times. In addition to the narrow double-90-degree turns, the currents and winds were erratic and unpredictable, making even an unopposed navigation difficult. In addition to the strategic shape of the Hudson River, the Highlands rise up sharply from river level to 1,400 ft at some places in the immediate area. The combination of the narrow river turns and the commanding high ground made this place the perfect location for the Continental Army to build its stronghold against British troop movement into upstate New York during the American Revolution. The Continental Army first occupied the relatively level plain and constructed Fort Clinton and supporting redoubts and batteries of artillery on prominent hills in the area and across the river on Constitution Island. Guests of cadets who visit Flirtation Walk can experience glimpses of the Revolutionary War era terrain as the shoreline along the river below the plain has not changed much in over 200 years. It wasn&#39;t until after the war that congress actually purchased the land upon where Fort Clinton stood. In 1790, Congress purchased an initial tract of 1,700 acre from a Stephen Moore of North Carolina.</p><br>
<p>For the first hundred years of the Academy, ship-board traffic, then later rail-traffic, were the only ways to access West Point from New York City. In the years immediately following the Revolutionary War, the Hudson Highlands surrounding West Point were sparsely populated and often harbored "gangs of thieves". An 1819 letter from superintendent Sylvanus Thayer complained to the Secretary War John C. Calhoun of the lawlessness of the local inhabitants in the highlands surrounding West Point. As transportation technology improved and coal became the dominant source of energy consumption, the wildness of the highlands subsided and the hill people whose lives were linked to subsistence upon the forest began to disappear. By the turn of the century, the Academy had begun to expand beyond the immediate reaches of the Plain and grew both south along the river and westward into the highlands.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The entire central post was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960, but none of the occupied structures on post date to the Revolutionary War period. The oldest surviving buildings are the residences of the Superintendent and the Commandant. Local legend states that one of the foundation walls of the Warner House on Constitution Island dates to the revolutionary war period, but that has never been verified through documentation. Through much of the first 150 years, progress superseded historical preservation as the norm at the academy and many of the most historically significant and grand structures of the "old academy" were demolished to make way for newer and more functionally modern structures.</p><br>
<h3>Revolutionary war structures & sites</h3><br>
<p>The garrison at West Point originally centered on Fort Clinton, the Great Chain, and the defenses built upon Constitution Island. Many of the revolutionary war fortifications still dot the more remote landscape of the academy grounds. Some have been nearly fully restored, such as Fort Putnam, while some have been partially restored, such as Redoubt 4, and some are almost completely reduced to little more than historical markers, such as Fort Clinton. Numerous redoubts were constructed in support of Fort Clinton. Those who survive to present day were fortunate to be in hard-to-reach places that did not impede in the expansion of the academy. Redoubts that are long since lost to time and progress included several in the vicinity of the Warner House on Constitution island, and two small outposts near the present day Lusk Reservoir housing area. In the academys first one hundred years or so, there was little thought given to preserving these historical fortifications as the remains of Ft. Clinton fell into disrepair and were eventually demolished and some of the smaller redoubts were scavenged for their stone or raised to make room for other structures. One of the more notable remaining Revolutionary War sites is Kosciuszkos Garden, which sits on the east-facing cliff side about 40 ft below present day Cullum Hall. Immediately after the war&#39;s conclusion, Revolutionary War-era barracks and quarters served the academic mission of the fledgling academy. Records of these structures have been lost to time and a fire in 1838.</p><br>
<h3>Historical academy structures of significance that no longer exist</h3><br>
<p>In 1808, six years after the formal founding of the academy, Congress authorized the expansion of the Corps of Cadets from only a handful to nearly 300. Along with this increase in personnel came the funding to house them. The first formal set of barracks were constructed in 1815 and 1817 and were known as North and South Barracks. These structures housed the Corps of Cadets until they were replaced and demolished in the early 1850s. The main academic building, known simply as "the Academy", was also constructed in 1815. These three buildings are depicted in the 1828 painting by George Catlin to the left. On 19 February 1838, a fire destroyed the original academic building and most of the academy&#39;s records. This hall stood on the cliff below the Plain until being demolished for a new riding hall in 1908. In 1870, the new academy headquarters building was constructed on the site of present-day Taylor Hall. Meant to house the Superintendent and other academy leadership and staff, this building was too small and inadequate shortly after construction and it was demolished shortly after 1900 to make way for the construction of Taylor Hall. A cadet hospital was constructed in 1884 on the site of present-day Lee Barracks. In 1923, a new wing of the hospital was built, which now houses the Office of Admissions. The main hospital building was demolished in 1960 to make way for Lee Barracks. In the late 1880s Richard Morris Hunt was contracted to design several buildings. The first was a gymnasium, begun in 1891 in an Romanesque Revival design with two large towers flanking a grand arched entrance. The gymnasium was opened in 1893 and used until the early 1920s, when it was demolished to make way for the new mess hall, Washington Hall.</p><br>
<h3>Structures from the 19th century still in use in the academic area</h3><br>
<p>The Superintendents quarters (1820) and the Commandants quarters (1821) were constructed on the end of Jefferson Place near the intersection with Washington Road. During the 1800s, Jefferson Road extended further south through what is now North Area and a row of officers quarters once lined the west side of the road south of the Superintendents quarters, but those structures were all demolished to make room for the old North Barracks. The next oldest structures on post are the three sets of large duplex officers quarters just off the northwest edge of the plain. These quarters (c1828), have been expanded over the years and have come to be known as Professors Row, as they traditionally house the heads of the academic departments. The Deans quarters were constructed in 1856 between the commandants quarters and professors row. A complex of structures known as the "Ordnance Compound" was completed between 1837 and 1840. It consisted of three stone buildings with two towers encircled by a wall. The building that stands in the center of the compound, now the First Class Cadets social club, was added in 1880. The second academic building was demolished in 1891 and replaced on the same location by what was then known as the West Academic Building. This Richard Morris Hunt designed structure took four years to complete and served as the main academic hall until 1950, when it was converted into a barracks and renamed Pershing Barracks. The large house on the end of Professors Row, known today as the "Beat Navy House" due to the "Beat Navy Sign" that hangs on its front porch, was built in 1875 and has been used as multiple officers quarters since its construction. In 1894, McKim, Mead, and White designed and began construction on the new memorial hall, later named Cullum Hall after General George W. Cullum, who started the Cullum Register of Graduates and donated the funds for the structure. Completed in 1898, Cullum Hall broke several architectural traditions. First its classical design and white marble construction clashed with the gray granite Gothic design of the other buildings on the plain. Second, it obstructed the eastern view of the Hudson River. Started in 1900 and completed in 1903, the West Point Officer&#39;s Club also was of neo-classical design. However, budget cuts and the high cost of white marble resulted in the selection of an off-color white brick, a design that failed to inspire the imagination of the public at large and the academy leadership. These two structures are the only neo-classical designs left in the cadet area now that the old cadet chapel is moved to the cemetery.</p><br>
<h3>1903 design competition</h3><br>
<p>After the turn of the century, as West Point approached its centennial, it became apparent that the campus was in need of a facilities overhaul and was lacking a clear design plan and architectural style. A major competition was held to design a major renovation of the campus, to include building a new cadet barracks (North Barracks, since demolished), chapel (the Cadet Chapel), academic building (Bartlett Hall), post headquarters (Taylor Hall), bachelors officer quarters (Lincoln Hall), riding hall (Thayer Hall), and hotel (later the Thayer Hotel). In addition to all the construction, the winning bid had to cost less than $5,000,000. After a lengthy competition, the firm of Cram, Goodhue, & Furgeson (CGF) was selected to overhaul the academys facilities. Nearly all of their works still stand, and their designs have influenced all other works in the cadet area since.</p><br>
<p>The first buildings completed by CGF was the heating plant and riding hall, completed along the cliffs of the Hudson in 1909. The massive riding hall rises from the cliffs along the river to the level of the Plain. This structure served as the home of equestrian instruction until riding was removed from the curriculum during World War II. In 1958, the halls interior was completely renovated and converted into an academic hall, renamed Thayer Hall in honor of Sylvanus Thayer. Now containing four interior floors and a large auditorium, it is considered the main academic hall on campus. In 1910, CGF completed construction of the new Headquarters building, later named Taylor Hall in honor of Maxwell Taylor. Hayes Gymnasium was also constructed by CGF and completed in 1910, replacing the Richard Morris Hunt-designed gymnasium that would be demolished to make way for the new mess hall in 1920. The "crown jewel" of CGFs project was unquestionably the new West Point Cadet Chapel, set high on the hillside above the cadet area, and completed in 1910. Upon completion of the Cadet Chapel, the Old Cadet Chapel was deconstructed and moved to the cemetery in 1911. The granite used for the construction of the Cadet Chapel was quarried from the hillside behind Hayes gymnasium, practically at the construction site. In 1913, CGF completed Bartlett Hall as one of the main academic buildings. The dirt and debris from the construction of Bartlett Hall was used to fill in "execution hollow", a large depression located on the Plain near Trophy Point. Two of CGF&#39;s buildings that have not stood the test of time were the North Barracks, which were later demolished to make way for the current MacArthur Barracks, and the cadet guardhouse, located in North Area and later demolished to make way for Scott Barracks.</p><br>
<h3>Gradual expansion, 1920–1960</h3><br>
<p>After the 1903 design competition, pace of new construction at the academy slowed, but there were continual updates. Started in 1925 and completed by 1929, Washington Hall, named in honor of George Washington, became the new cadet mess hall. Designed by Arnold Brunner, Washington Hall can rightfully be considered the "center" of the cadet academic area. Due to large increase in the size of the Corps of Cadets, more barracks space was needed in the early 1930s. In 1931, Grant Hall (also called Grant Barracks) was completed on the site of the old cadet mess hall. In 1937, Paul P. Cret completed construction on Scott Barracks in North Area. Cret also oversaw an expansion of Bartlett Hall in 1938.</p><br>
<h3>Major expansion, 1960–present</h3><br>
<p>The 100% increase in the size of the Corps of Cadets in the early 1960s led to rapid expansion of facilities at the expense of preserving the historic structures on post. The central barracks, which had stood since 1851, were torn down, save one segment preserved as Nininger Hall, in order to make way for the construction of Bradley and Eisenhower Barracks between 1965 and 1972. Washington Hall was doubled in size and physically connected to Eisenhower and MacArthur Barracks, which had replaced the old North barracks. In 1969 another wing, "Mac Short", was added to MacArthur barracks. New barracks were also constructed in south area, with Lee Barracks and Sherman Barracks being constructed in the mid 1960s.</p><br>
<p>To help with overcrowding in the cadet area, the first major barracks construction of the 21st century began in 2015 with the construction of the new Davis Barracks at USMA by the USA Army Corps of Engineers, New York District. The state of the art barracks facility is for housing 650 cadets, three in each room. This construction of the Davis Barracks precedes planned renovations of other barracks at USMA to provide better quality living space for all cadets.</p><br>
<h2>Current academic halls</h2><br>
<p>Arvin Cadet Physical Development Center (CPDC): Named after former First Captain Carl Robert Arvin, who died in Vietnam, the gymnasium complex houses the Department of Physical Education (DPE). The original core of Arvin CPDC is Hayes Gymnasium, originally constructed in 1910. The old Arvin gym entrance was built onto it in 1934. In 1999, renovation construction tore down over half of the gym. The 1910 and 1934 sections were preserved with the new CPDC opening in 2004. The new CPDC now houses a Center for Physical Development Excellence (CPDC), offices and classrooms for DPE, new basketball, racquetball, rock climbing, survival swimming, boxing & combatives, and physical therapy facilities.</p><br>
<p>Bartlett Hall: Home to the Departments of Chemistry and Physics, it was originally constructed in 1913 and expanded in 1937.</p><br>
<p>Hayes Gymnasium – see Arvin Cadet Physical Development Center (above)</p><br>
<p>Jefferson Hall: Named after former president Thomas Jefferson, whose statue stands in the rotunda. The new library learning center, which opened in 2008, is home to the Center for Teaching Excellence (CTE) and the Alexander Haig Room.</p><br>
<p>Lincoln Hall: Formerly the Bachelor Officer&#39;s Quarters, it was renovated in 1987 and now houses the Departments of English and Social Sciences.</p><br>
<p>Old Cadet Library: Completed in 1964 and attached to Bartlett Hall, it served the Corps for over 40 years until the opening of Jefferson Hall in 2008.</p><br>
<p>Mahan Hall: Completed in 1974, it is named after USMA alumnus Dennis Hart Mahan. Mahan Hall is home to the academy&#39;s Department of Civil & Mechanical Engineering and Department of Systems Engineering.</p><br>
<p>Thayer Hall: Built in 1911 as a riding hall where the cadets were taught horsemanship, in 1958 it was converted into an academic hall containing over 100 classrooms. The cadet bookstore is housed on the fourth floor and there is a large lecture hall, Robinson Auditorium in the south end of the building. The first two floors of Thayer Hall are home to the Departments of History, Mathematics, Behavioral Sciences and Leadership (BS&L), and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).</p><br>
<p>Washington Hall: Named for President George Washington, it is the home of the Cadet Mess Hall. The upper floors of Washington Hall are home to the Department of Military Instruction (DMI), the Department of Foreign Languages (DFL), the Department of Geography & Environmental Engineering (G&ENE), and the Office of the Commandant. Washington Hall was first constructed in 1929. It was doubled in size in 1964 when the Corps expanded to 4,400 cadets.</p><br>
<h2>Chapels</h2><br>
<p>The military chapel has played a major role in the history of the academy. In fact, attendance at weekly chapel services was mandatory until the early 1970s. The first chapel, now known as the "Old Cadet Chapel" was first constructed in 1836. It stood on the site now occupied by Bartlett Hall for 74 years until, after completion of the Cadet Chapel, it was deconstructed in 1910 and reconstructed at its current location in the cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Barracks</h2><br>
<p>Scott Barracks: Named after General Winfield Scott and built in 1938, it was home to cadets from the Fourth Regiment. It closed in Fall 2013 for extensive renovations and reopened for the 2014-15 academic year, maintaining its distinct "division" style layout.</p><br>
<p>Lee Barracks: Home to cadets from the First Regiment, it was built in 1962, and is named after General Robert E. Lee, it also houses the cadet barber shop in its basement.</p><br>
<p>Sherman Barracks: Also home to cadets from First Regiment, it is named after General William Tecumseh Sherman and also built in 1962.</p><br>
<p>Grant Barracks: Formerly called "Old South Barracks", this building is named after General Ulysses S. Grant. The east side of these barracks is connected to Grant Hall, the former Cadet Mess Hall built in 1852 and used to feed the Corps of Cadets until 1923. The barracks portion, built in 1931, is the oldest cadet barracks still in use, and is home to cadets from the 1st Regiment.</p><br>
<p>Bradley Barracks: Built in 1968, Bradley barracks is home to cadets of the Second Regiment and is named after General of the Army Omar Bradley.</p><br>
<p>Eisenhower Barracks: Also built in 1968, houses cadets from Third Regiment and Cadet Brigade Staff. The barracks is named after General of the Army and former president Dwight D. Eisenhower.</p><br>
<p>Pershing Barracks: Formerly the West Academic Building built in 1895, it was renovated in 1959 and renamed Pershing Barracks. The building is named after General of the Armies John J. Pershing and houses cadets from the Third Regiment and Cadet Regimental Staff.</p><br>
<p>MacArthur Barracks: Opened in 1972, it houses cadets from the Third and Fourth Regiments and is named after General of the Army Douglas MacArthur.</p><br>
<p>Davis Barracks: Scheduled for Completion in December 2016 and occupancy in 2017, the new facility will house 650 cadets. The barracks is named in honor of General Benjamin O. Davis Jr.</p><br>
<h2>Historical quarters</h2><br>
<h2>Other historic buildings</h2><br>
<p>Taylor Hall: Originally called the "Administration Building", it was built by the firm Cram, Goodhue, and Furgeson in 1910. Now named after Maxwell Taylor, it is home to the Office of the Superintendent and the Office of the Dean. This class example of "collegiate gothic" architecture sits overlooking the Hudson River to the east. With its 180 ft tower, it is the tallest all-stone masonry building in the world.</p><br>
<p>Cullum Hall: A large social hall containing a dance floor and several receiving rooms for formal occasions. Also known as "Cullum Memorial Hall," this building contains plaques that include the names of all West Point graduates killed in action from 1812 to the present. These plaques are located in the newly designed Memorial Room, dedicated on November 10, 2014. The lower levels contain the academys photo studio, along with various club team practice and equipment storage areas. Academy tradition states that Plebes must know that there are "340 Lights in Cullum Hall". Cullum Hall sits directly across the road from Doubleday Field, where the New York Yankees occasionally played exhibition games in the 1920s; cadet legend states that Babe Ruth once hit a home run off the roof of Cullum Hall, a distance of over 500 ft. This legend is unlikely given that Ruth was left-handed and Cullum Hall sits beyond the left field fence, which would have made Ruths home run to the opposite field of his power side.</p><br>
<p>West Point Club: Originally built in 1902 as the Officer&#39;s Club and later expanded in 1963 due to a generous gift by the wife of Gen. Palmer Eddy Pierce, class of 1891. The club has named the large second floor dining room the Pierce Room in their honor.</p><br>
<p>Nininger Hall: The last remaining structure from the old Central Barracks, the "1st Division" was traditionally home to the highest ranking cadet. Originally built in 1882, it now houses the Simon Center for the Professional Military Ethic (SCPME) and is named after LT Alexander R. Nininger, Jr., the first Medal of Honor recipient of WWII.</p><br>
<p>Superintendent&#39;s Quarters: The oldest remaining building on post, it was built in 1820, during the tenure of COL Sylvanus Thayer.</p><br>
<h2>Athletic facilities</h2><br>
<p>West Point is home to many historic as well as modern athletic facilities:</p><br>
<p>Christl Arena (part of the Holleder Center)</p><br>
<p>Gillis Field House: Built prior to WWII and named after William G. Gillis, this facility houses the track and field program and the women&#39;s volleyball practice facilities.</p><br>
<p>Holleder Center (Major Donald W. Holleder Center athletic complex): Next door to Michie Stadium, and built in 1985, it houses the basketball and hockey facilities. It is named after Donald W. Holleder, class of 56, who died in action in Vietnam.</p><br>
<p>Johnson Stadium at Doubleday Field</p><br>
<p>Michie Stadium: Originally built in 1924 and named after Dennis Michie, captain and coach of the first Army football team, it has been expanded many times over the years. The most recent addition saw the building of an expansive new training facility and offices for the football program.</p><br>
<p>Shea Stadium: Named after Medal of Honor recipient Richard Shea in 1958, this renovated outdoor track facility is home to the track and field program and the sprint football team.</p><br>
<p>Tate Rink (part of the Holleder Center)</p><br>
<p>Anderson Rugby Complex: Completed in May 2007 and situated on the bank of the Hudson, Anderson Rugby Complex is home to the Army mens and womens Rugby teams.</p><br>
<p>Clinton Field: Named after Revolutionary War hero General James Clinton, it is home to the mens and womens soccer teams.</p><br>
<p>Softball Complex: Home to Army Softball. The field dimensions are 200 feet down the lines and 210 feet to center field. Construction was completed in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Crandall Pool: Home to Army Swim & Dive. It is 50 meter in length and can either be set up with six lanes in the 50 meter configuration or divided into two 25 yard pools, one with eight lanes and another with six lanes. Crandall Pool also features three 1 meter diving boards, one 1 meter diving platform, two 3 meter diving boards, and a diving tower with a 7.5 meter platform and a 10-meter platform. The pool and diving platforms are also used by the Department of Physical Education for survival swimming classes (all cadets are required to take one of these classes).</p><br>
<p>Foley Enners Nathe (FEN) Lacrosse Center: Completed and occupied in January 2017, this facility is named for classmates William Foley ’67, Lt. Ray Enners ‘67, and Michael Nathe ’67. The 15,000-square-foot-facility is nestled in the northeast corner of historic Michie Stadium, and is home to the Army West Point men’s and women’s lacrosse teams.</p><br>
<h2>Cemetery</h2><br>
<p>The cemetery is situated about 3/4 of a mile north of the main academic area. Formally designated a military cemetery in 1816, it was previously known locally as "German Flats". The cemetery is the final resting place of many notable military officers and is now the location of the Old Cadet Chapel.</p><br>
<h2>Monuments</h2><br>
<p>West Point is home to numerous monuments of famous graduates and other military heroes and patriots. Some of the monuments include:</p><br>
<p>Eisenhower Monument. This 9 ft statue of former General of the Army and the 34th President of the United States was dedicated in 1983. Designed by Robert L. Dean, class of 1953, it sits atop a pedestal of red granite and looks out over the Plain to the North.</p><br>
<p>Kosciuszko&#39;s Monument. Dedicated in 1828 and designed by John Latrobe, the monument was originally only the base and the column. The statue was added in 1913.</p><br>
<p>MacArthur Monument. This monument commemorates the Medal of Honor-winning former Superintendent and General of the Army Douglas MacArthur. Situated on the upper western corner of the Plain next to the north entrance to MacArthur Barracks, the monument consists of a statue of the general surrounded by angled granite walls that bear inscription excerpts from his 1962 Thayer Award address to the Corps of Cadets.</p><br>
<p>Sedgwick Monument. Erected by former members of his command, this monument commemorates former Union General John Sedgwick and was dedicated 21 Oct 1868. The spurs of the statue freely rotate and legend states that if a cadet is in danger of failing a class, they should go to the monument in full dress uniform at midnight before the final exam. If they spin the spurs at midnight, they will pass the class.</p><br>
<p>Thayer Monument. Commemorating the "Father of the Military Academy", this monument has been located in several locations during the academys history. It now sits at the northwest corner of the Plain adjacent to the Beat Navy Tunnel. The monument is oriented to the south, overlooking the Plain and the central cadet area. Thayers statue is the sight of numerous memorials throughout the year as classes return for their reunions. Tradition is for the oldest living graduate of those returning classes to lay a wreath at the foot of the memorial before the alumni review for that weekend.</p><br>
<p>Washington Monument. Dedicated in 1916, this large statue of George Washington was moved to its current location in front of Washington Hall in 1971 when the cadet mess hall expansion was completed.</p><br>
<p>The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Depot is a historic structure located in Delmar, Iowa, United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original station was built in Delmar in the 1870s and the present structure was built for the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad in 1905. The depot is a rectangular, single story, wood frame building built of a standard design for rural stations. There were waiting rooms (one for men and the other for women) at one end of the depot and a freight room at the other end. While this was not unusual in the Eastern United States, it was a unique design for the Midwest. In between the waiting rooms and the freight room was the station agent&#39;s office.</p><br>
<p>Delmar owes its existence to railroads. Three railroads converged there in the late 1870s and it was named Delmar Junction. Eventually, only the Milwaukee Road remained, and was a strong influence on the development of the town. The depot was located on The Milwaukee Road&#39;s mainline from Chicago, Illinois to Omaha, Nebraska.</p><br>
<p>The depot remained in use until 1977. After that, it remained vacant until it was purchased by the City of Delmar. The last freight train used the station in 1982. Restoration of the building began in 1995 and it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. It now houses the Delmar Depot Museum, which contains a collection of over 1,500 historical items. The site also includes an old caboose named "Elizabeth" and a mural on the old viaduct wall that commemorates the Orphan Train.</p><br>
<p>The Emmitsburg Historic District is a national historic district in Emmitsburg, Frederick County, Maryland. The district is predominantly residential and includes most of the older area of the town extending along Main Street and Seton Avenue. Also included are several commercial buildings and churches interspersed among the dwellings. The buildings are primarily two-story sided log or brick, dating from the late 18th to the mid 19th centuries. Some later 19th century buildings in this area include some large Italianate-influenced buildings forming the northeast and southeast corners of the main square; an area destroyed by fire in 1863. Settlement began in the region during the 1730s, bringing Protestant Germans and Scotch-Irish from Pennsylvania, as well as English Catholics from Tidewater Maryland.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Blazo–Leavitt House is a historic house on Maine State Route 160 in Parsonsfield, Maine, United States. The large two-story house was built in 1812, and is one of the finest Federal period houses in northern York County. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Blazo–Leavitt House is a large two-story mansion built in Parsonsfield, Maine, in 1812 by William Blazo, uncle to prominent Parsonsfield lawyer Robert Tibbetts Blazo. Oral tradition holds that Robert T. Blazo, as a young man of fifteen in 1812, and later aged twenty in 1817, had helped with the construction of his uncles house. This story seems credible because Robert had been bound out to his uncle William when Roberts father (Williams brother) Daniel Blazo fell from a beam at a barn raising in 1802 and broke his neck. Later, ownership of the house passed to the nephew, Robert T. Blazo. The house next was passed on to Robert Blazos two daughters, Susan Blazo Leavitt and Emily Blazo Browne. Emilys daughter Maude Browne left no descendants, and the house eventually passed into the hands of Susan Blazo Leavitts son, Robert Greenleaf Leavitt, his wife Ida Ruggli Leavitt, and his three children Russell Greenleaf Leavitt, Robert Keith Leavitt, and Constance Ruggli Leavitt Hanson. Thus it is called the Blazo–Leavitt house. Designed by architect Thomas Eaton, according to both family tradition and affirmed by a Maine preservationist, the home is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Blazo–Leavitt house has five large brick chimneys and ten fireplaces. The home also boasts elaborately carved and pillared entrances with leaded glass fans and sidelights, panelled doors, and small-paned windows. A complete description of the interior of the house is described in a long narrative poem entitled "Flora Visits Parsonsfield" by Mary Freeman, a resident of the house for thirty years and great, great granddaughter of Robert and Mary Blazo. The main ell of the home was built in 1812, the main part of house being constructed five years later in 1817. William Blazo was son of Amos Blazo, who in turn was son of William Blazo of Bordeaux, France, who emigrated to America sometimes before 1727, settling first in Greenland, New Hampshire, and later in Epsom. Amos Blazo is recorded in the History of Parsonsfield as having been North Parsonsfields first settler, clearing the fields at "Blazos Corner" in March 1778. Amos Blazo had five sons, four of whom settled on nearby farms. It was Amoss son William who built the Blazo House, later selling it to his nephew, and Amoss grandson, Robert Tibbetts Blazo.</p><br>
<p>Robert Tibbetts Blazo had begun his career as a schoolmaster. One of his pupils was fifteen-year-old Mary Freeman of Sandwich, New Hampshire, who would become his bride eight years later. Before the marriage Robert Blazo practiced law for a time in Moultonborough, New Hampshire, but eventually the couple settled in Parsonsfield where Blazo practiced law, and was for many decades Justice of the Peace and Post Master. The couple had four children: Susan, Daniel, Charles and Emily. Descendants of Daniel still reside in the Daniel Blazo house directly across from the Blazo–Leavitt house at Blazo&#39;s Corner.</p><br>
<p>All four Blazo children attended Parsonsfield Seminary, to which their father had conveyed the land and helped establish. Here Susan Blazo met John Greenfield Leavitt, a fellow student from Buckfield, Maine, who had come to Parsonfield to prepare for Waterville College (today&#39;s Colby College). The couple married, and moved into the Blazo house with her parents; they had one child, Robert Greenleaf Leavitt. Emily Blazo married Howard Hiram Browne, and they too took up residence in the house; they had one child, Maude Browne, who later became a portrait artist.</p><br>
<p>Because Maude Browne was unable to have children, eventually ownership of the house came to the Leavitts and to their son Robert Greenleaf Leavitt, a well-known Harvard-educated botanist and educator. After Robert G. Leavitts death in 1942, Roberts wife Ida and their children, and grandchildren, and great grandchildren, continued living in it every summer. Robert Greenleaf Leavitt&#39;s daughter, Constance Leavitt Hanson, with great regret, sold the house in 1973.</p><br>
<p>The Blazo and Leavitt family have been associated with Parsonsfield Seminary, which is located directly across the road from the house. Robert Tibbetts Blazo, second owner of the Blazo-Leavitt House, conveyed land on which Seminary was built and helped found the Seminary.</p><br>
<p>The Blazo–Leavitt house faces south, and its western side faces Green Mountain, an isolated mountain in Effingham, New Hampshire and part of the foothills of the White Mountains. Nearby is the Leavitt Plantation Forest (connected with another branch of the Leavitt family), an 8,603 acre tract that is the largest contiguous block of forest land south of Sebago Lake. Leavitt Plantation Forest covers 20 percent of Parsonsfield&#39;s land. With the support of The Nature Conservancy, the State of Maine has purchased a permanent conservation easement to ensure sustainable forest practices and public pedestrian access for recreation. The easement also prohibits development activity on the property. The land remains as working commercial forest.</p><br>
<p>The Frederick Historic District is a national historic district in Frederick, Frederick County, Maryland. The district encompasses the core of the city and contains a variety of residential, commercial, ecclesiastical, and industrial buildings dating from the late 18th century to 1941. Notable are larger detached dwellings in the Queen Anne and American Foursquare architectural styles of the late 19th and early 20th centuries The churches reflect high style architecture ranging from Gothic and Greek Revival to Richardsonian Romanesque and Colonial Revival. The east side of the district includes the industrial buildings.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, with a boundary increase in 1988.</p><br>
<p>The Mount Airy Historic District is a national historic district in Mount Airy, located in Carroll and Frederick County, Maryland. The district comprises a cohesive group of commercial, residential, and ecclesiastical buildings dating from the late 19th through early 20th centuries. The brick Baltimore and Ohio Railroad station, designed by E. Francis Baldwin and constructed in 1882, represents the towns origin as an early transportation center for the region, which dates back as early as 1838. A group of early-20th century commercial structures represent the rebuilding of Mount Airys downtown after a series of fires between 1903 and 1926. The residential areas are characterized by houses illustrating vernacular forms and popular stylistic influences of the late 19th and early 20th century. Three churches are located within the district.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The McKinstrys Mills Historic District is a national historic district in Union Bridge, located in Carroll and Frederick County, Maryland. The district comprises the entirety of the settlement of McKinstrys Mills, a 26 acre hamlet consisting of six separate properties that were owned and developed in the 19th century by the McKinstry family, local millers. At the center is a -story grist mill constructed in 1844. Also included are the McKinstry homestead, built between 1825 and 1835; the residence of miller Samuel McKinstry, dated 1849; a store building of 1850; and two other small houses and a variety of outbuildings. There is also a 1908 Warren pony truss bridge.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>The James Leavitt House in Waterboro Center, Maine, is a mid-19th century Greek Revival home built of wooden weatherboard and resting on a granite foundation. Built in 1850 for wealthy merchant James Leavitt, the house is on the National Register of Historic Places and is now owned by the town of Waterboro, which operates the architecturally-significant structure as a house museum known as the Taylor/Frey/Leavitt House Museum.</p><br>
<h2>History and origins</h2><br>
<p>The builder of the Leavitt House, James Leavitt, moved to Waterboro Center with his family from nearby Alfred, Maine, between 1830 and 1840, and entered into business as "an astute businessman," as a local historian put it. The merchant had several lines of business: he bought and sold local produce in Portland and Boston, and operated a general store near his house. He also bought pre-cut fabric in Boston, which he pieced out to local women, who then assembled the fabric into mens suits, shirts and trousers, which Leavitt sold back to clothiers in Boston, often at a healthy mark-up. The women were given credits at Leavitts store in return: the merchant&#39;s extensive records for these transactions are today maintained at the Leavitt House.</p><br>
<p>Leavitt&#39;s various businesses enabled him to make a fortune, and have an elaborate home built to suit his success as merchant. The James Leavitt House, completed in 1850, is significant for the level of interior detailing. The two-story Greek Revival home, which housed Leavitt, his wife and 12 children, boasts elaborate interior molding, carved corner blocks, a detail rarely seen on rural Maine homes. The house retains its original elaborate wallpaper, and also features "some of the finest wood-graining in the state."</p><br>
<p>"The sheer amount of surface that was grained indicates that this was probably not the work of an itinerant artist passing through town, but undertaken a specialist like Jason Hamilton, a fancy painter who lived in nearby Sanford and was listed in the Mercantile Union Business Directory in 1849," notes the application for the House&#39;s nomination to the National Historic Places Register. "Interestingly, the grain painting at the Leavitt house does not necessarily try to mimic natural wood, rather the combinations of patterns, such as birds-eye maple and tiger-maple, used together on the doors suggest a much more artistic approach to the application. This suggestion is further supported by the grained pictures of the rooster and the swan that appear on the back doors of two cabinets."</p><br>
<h2>Ownership succession</h2><br>
<p>The Leavitt House, built at what was once the most prosperous location in Waterboro Center, is a large home with seven bedrooms on its second floor. After the death of merchant James Leavitt in about 1880, the home became a second residence for the family. James Leavitts son Benjamin embarked on a career as a prosperous merchant in Saco, Maine, and used his fathers home as a summer residence. After Benjamin Leavitts death, his daughter Louella Frey inherited the home; subsequently it passed to her two daughters, including writer Helen Taylor who set her book A Time to Recall in the family home. Mrs. Taylors three sons sold the building to the town of Waterboro in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The house was in exceptionally good condition, noted local historian Jim Carli: "It is truly an unspoiled dwelling owing to the fact that it was lived in year-round for only thirty years." Because of its part-time occupancy by the Leavitt family and their heirs, the house survives in very nearly the original fashion in which it was built, with few alterations.</p><br>
<p>Merchant James Leavitt, born in Alfred, Maine, in 1797, and married to Lovey Stevens of York, Maine, died 7 September 1876, at Waterboro Center. His wife died in 1825. They are both buried at Waterboro Center, not far from the home they had built.</p><br>
<p>The house is now a local historical museum.</p><br>
